Incorporating <STYLE> Elements into an XSLT File

2016-10-27

An XSLT style sheet can emit HTML <STYLE> elements, including CSS specifications, directly into the HTML that results from the XSLT transformation. This option works best when the number of CSS rules is small and easily managed.

To place a <STYLE> element and its CSS rules into the result tree of a transformation, you can include them in the XSLT template that instantiates the HTML <HEAD> element. The book.xsl file below illustrates this.

In book.xsl, the first template rule matches the root element of the XML document, <book>. When it finds a match in the source tree, it instantiates <HTML> and <HEAD> elements in the result tree.

The <HEAD> element includes both a <TITLE> element and a <STYLE> element. The <STYLE> element includes a single CSS rule, which says to display all <H1> elements in the result tree in the indicated font.

Finally, this template rule says to instantiate a <BODY> element, and then to process any children of the matching <book> element. This is the purpose of the <xsl:apply-templates/> element. During this process, the template rule also checks for other matching template rules, and transforms them as necessary.

The second template rule is invoked by the <xsl:apply-templates/> element of the first template rule. This second template rule instantiates an <H1> element. The content of the <H1> element is that of a <book_title> element in the source tree.

The result of applying this transformation to the sample source document is shown below.

Example

XML File (book.xml)

<?xml version='1.0'?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="book.xsl" ?>
<book>
    <book_title>Jambing on the Trixles</book_title>
    <author> Randall, Tristan</author>
</book>

XSLT File (book.xsl)

<?xml version='1.0'?>
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0">

<xsl:template match="book">
    <HTML>
<HEAD>
            <TITLE>Book Info</TITLE>
        <STYLE>
                H1 {font-family: Arial,Univers,sans-serif;
                    font-size: 36pt }
        </STYLE>
    </HEAD>
    <BODY><xsl:apply-templates/></BODY>
    </HTML>
</xsl:template>

<xsl:template match="book_title">
    <H1><xsl:value-of select="."/></H1>
</xsl:template>

</xsl:stylesheet>

XSLT Processor Output

<HTML>
<HEAD>
        <TITLE>Book Info</TITLE>
        <STYLE>
            H1 {font-family: Arial,Univers,sans-serif;
                font-size: 36pt }
        </STYLE>
    </HEAD>
    <BODY><H1>Jambing on the Trixles</H1> Randall, Tristan</BODY>
</HTML>

Formatted Output

Formatted output

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