初始化表达式

初始化表达式用于初始化新的对象。大多数初始化表达式都受到支持，其中包括大多数新的 C# 3.0 和 Visual Basic 9.0 初始化表达式。LINQ to Entities 查询可以初始化并返回以下类型：

• EDM 中零个或零个以上类型化实体对象的集合或复杂类型的投影。

• EDM 支持的 CLR 类型。

• 内联集合。

• 匿名类型。

下面的示例中以查询表达式语法演示了匿名类型初始化：

Using AWEntities As New AdventureWorksEntities()
    Dim sales As ObjectQuery(Of SalesOrderHeader) = AWEntities.SalesOrderHeader

    Dim salesInfo = _
        From s In sales _
        Where s.TotalDue >= 200 _
        Select New With {s.SalesOrderNumber, s.TotalDue}

    Console.WriteLine("Sales order numbers:")
    For Each sale In salesInfo
        Console.WriteLine("Order number: " & sale.SalesOrderNumber)
        Console.WriteLine("Total due: " & sale.TotalDue)
        Console.WriteLine("")
    Next
End Using

using (AdventureWorksEntities AWEntities = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{

    ObjectQuery<SalesOrderHeader> sales = AWEntities.SalesOrderHeader;

    var salesInfo =
        from s in sales
        where s.TotalDue >= 200
        select new { s.SalesOrderNumber, s.TotalDue };

    Console.WriteLine("Sales order numbers:");
    foreach (var sale in salesInfo)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Order number: " + sale.SalesOrderNumber);
        Console.WriteLine("Total due: " + sale.TotalDue);
        Console.WriteLine("");
    }
}

下面的基于方法的查询语法示例说明了匿名类型初始化：

Using AWEntities As New AdventureWorksEntities()

    Dim salesInfo = _
        AWEntities.SalesOrderHeader _
        .Where(Function(s) s.TotalDue >= 200) _
        .Select(Function(s) New With {s.SalesOrderNumber, s.TotalDue})

    Console.WriteLine("Sales order numbers:")
    For Each sale In salesInfo
        Console.WriteLine("Order number: " & sale.SalesOrderNumber)
        Console.WriteLine("Total due: " & sale.TotalDue)
        Console.WriteLine("")
    Next
End Using

using (AdventureWorksEntities AWEntities = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{

    var salesInfo =
        AWEntities.SalesOrderHeader
        .Where(s => s.TotalDue >= 200)
        .Select(s => new { s.SalesOrderNumber, s.TotalDue });

    Console.WriteLine("Sales order numbers:");
    foreach (var sale in salesInfo)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Order number: " + sale.SalesOrderNumber);
        Console.WriteLine("Total due: " + sale.TotalDue);
        Console.WriteLine("");
    }
}

用户定义类的初始化也受到支持。C# 3.0 和 Visual Basic 9.0 初始化模式受到支持，并且假定属性获取程序和设置程序是对称的。下面的查询表达式语法示例说明了如何在查询中初始化自定义类：

Class MyOrder
    Public SalesOrderNumber As String
    Public ShipDate As DateTime?
End Class

class MyOrder { public string SalesOrderNumber; public DateTime? ShipDate; }

Using AWEntities As New AdventureWorksEntities()
    Dim sales As ObjectQuery(Of SalesOrderHeader) = AWEntities.SalesOrderHeader

    Dim salesInfo = _
        From s In sales _
        Where s.TotalDue >= 200 _
        Select New MyOrder With _
               { _
                   .SalesOrderNumber = s.SalesOrderNumber, _
                   .ShipDate = s.ShipDate _
               }

    Console.WriteLine("Sales order info:")
    For Each order As MyOrder In salesInfo
        Console.WriteLine("Order number: " & order.SalesOrderNumber)
        Console.WriteLine("Ship date: " & order.ShipDate)
        Console.WriteLine("")
    Next
End Using

using (AdventureWorksEntities AWEntities = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    ObjectQuery<SalesOrderHeader> sales = AWEntities.SalesOrderHeader;

    IQueryable<MyOrder> salesInfo =
        from s in sales
        where s.TotalDue >= 200
        select new MyOrder
        {
            SalesOrderNumber = s.SalesOrderNumber,
            ShipDate = s.ShipDate
        };

    Console.WriteLine("Sales order info:");
    foreach (MyOrder order in salesInfo)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Order number: " + order.SalesOrderNumber);
        Console.WriteLine("Ship date: " + order.ShipDate);
        Console.WriteLine("");
    }
}

下面的基于方法的查询语法示例说明了如何在查询中初始化自定义类：

Using AWEntities As New AdventureWorksEntities()

    Dim salesInfo As IQueryable(Of MyOrder) = _
        AWEntities.SalesOrderHeader _
        .Where(Function(s) s.TotalDue >= 200) _
        .Select(Function(s) New MyOrder With _
               { _
                   .SalesOrderNumber = s.SalesOrderNumber, _
                   .ShipDate = s.ShipDate _
               })

    Console.WriteLine("Sales order info:")
    For Each order As MyOrder In salesInfo
        Console.WriteLine("Order number: " & order.SalesOrderNumber)
        Console.WriteLine("Ship date: " & order.ShipDate)
        Console.WriteLine("")
    Next
End Using

using (AdventureWorksEntities AWEntities = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    IQueryable<MyOrder> salesInfo =
        AWEntities.SalesOrderHeader
        .Where(s => s.TotalDue >= 200)
        .Select(s => new MyOrder
        {
            SalesOrderNumber = s.SalesOrderNumber,
            ShipDate = s.ShipDate
        });

    Console.WriteLine("Sales order info:");
    foreach (MyOrder order in salesInfo)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Order number: " + order.SalesOrderNumber);
        Console.WriteLine("Ship date: " + order.ShipDate);
        Console.WriteLine("");
    }
}

另请参见

概念

LINQ to Entities 查询中的表达式