在表格模型中，表是数据的基本表示形式；数据在由行和列构成的数据矩形中展示。 所有行都具有相同的形状或列。
表表示形式
在表格对象模型中，表是一种简单明了的逻辑对象：即相同类型的记录（通称为行）的集合。 每一行都由固定数目的属性（通称为列）构成，而每一属性均为简单数据类型。
AMO 中的表
在使用 AMO 管理表格模型表时，对于 AMO 中的表没有一对一的对象匹配；在 AMO 中，一个表由 Dimension 和 MeasureGroup 表示。 但是，为使某一度量值组存在，必须定义 Cube 以便承载该度量值组；此外，为使维度、度量值组和多维数据集存在，必须定义数据源视图对象以便承载针对数据源的绑定定义。 总之，为使所有表存在，需要一个公共的数据源视图和多维数据集；该数据源视图提供与构成某一逻辑表的维度和度量值组中的数据元素的绑定（或映射），并且需要该多维数据集来承载表表示形式的度量值组方。
从过程角度来看，需要在定义任何其他对象之前先创建数据源视图。 数据源视图对象包含数据源中所有相关对象与表格模型的映射；关系模型的映射作为 .Net DataSet 对象嵌入在数据源视图中，并且存储在 DSV 的 Schema 属性中。
下面的代码段假定您具有一个 SQL 客户端连接字符串、映射到关系模型中的所有表（您要在表格模型中表示）的 Select 语句的字典，以及一个具有数据源视图名称的变量 newDataSourceViewName（通常就是关系数据库的名称）。
DataSet newDataSourceViewDataSet = new DataSet(newDataSourceViewName);
Foreach( String tableName in listOfSqlStatements.Keys)
{
String sqlStmt = listOfSqlStatements[tableName];
DataTable newTable = new DataTable(tableName);
using (SqlConnection SqlCnx = new SqlConnection(SqlCnxStr))
{
SqlDataAdapter dataAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlStmt, SqlCnx);
dataAdapter.FillSchema(newTable, SchemaType.Source);
}
newDataSourceViewDataSet.Tables.Add(newTable);
}
AMO.DataSourceView newDatasourceView = newDatabase.DataSourceViews.AddNew(newDataSourceViewName, newDataSourceViewName);
newDatasourceView.DataSourceID = newDatasource.ID; //This is the ID of the DataSource object
newDatasourceView.Schema = newDataSourceViewDataSet; //Here you are storing all the relational schema in the DSV
newDatasourceView.Update();
一旦创建并更新了数据源视图，就需要创建多维数据集对象，但直到创建第一个表后才能更新多维数据集对象。 多维数据集对象不能创建为空。 下面的代码段演示如何创建多维数据集；该代码段假定您具有非空字符串 newCubeName，而且该多维数据集的名称已经过验证，不与其他名称重名。
modelCube = newDatabase.Cubes.Add(newCubeName, newCubeName);
modelCube.Source = new AMO.DataSourceViewBinding(newDatasourceView.ID);
modelCube.StorageMode = AMO.StorageMode.InMemory;
modelCube.Language = newDatabase.Language;
modelCube.Collation = newDatabase.Collation;
//Create initial MdxScript
AMO.MdxScript mdxScript = modelCube.MdxScripts.Add("MdxScript", "MdxScript");
StringBuilder initialCommand = new StringBuilder();
initialCommand.AppendLine("CALCULATE;");
initialCommand.AppendLine("CREATE MEMBER CURRENTCUBE.Measures.[__No measures defined] AS 1;");
initialCommand.AppendLine("ALTER CUBE CURRENTCUBE UPDATE DIMENSION Measures, Default_Member = [__No measures defined];");
mdxScript.Commands.Add(new AMO.Command(initialCommand.ToString()));
一旦在本地定义了多维数据集，就可以创建和更新表。 以下过程概述了创建表所需的步骤：
创建表示表的维度，但不要更新服务器。
创建 RowNumber 属性，并将其定义为该维度的关键属性
创建维度属性，并将其标记为与 RowNumber 具有一对多关系
向多维数据集维度添加维度
创建同样表示该表的度量值组
向度量值组添加维度
在该度量值组中创建 AMO 默认度量值对象。 请注意，这是唯一一次需要使用 AMO 度量值对象；表格模型中的计算度量值在 AMO MdxScripts[“MdxScript”] 对象中定义。
创建默认分区
更新数据库
下面的代码段演示如何创建表：
private Boolean CreateTable(
AMO.Database db //the AMO database object where dimension are created
, AMO.Cube cb //the AMO cube where measure group is created
, DataTable dataTable //the schema of the table to be created
)
{
String tableID = dataTable.TableName;
if (db.Dimensions.Contains(tableID))
{
if (cb.MeasureGroups.Contains(tableID))
{
cb.MeasureGroups[tableID].Measures.Clear();
cb.MeasureGroups[tableID].Partitions.Clear();
cb.MeasureGroups.Remove(tableID, true);
}
if (cb.Dimensions.Contains(tableID))
{
cb.Dimensions.Remove(tableID, true);
}
db.Dimensions.Remove(tableID);
}
#region Create Dimension
//Define Dimension general properties
AMO.Dimension currentDimension = db.Dimensions.AddNew(tableID, tableID);
currentDimension.Source = new AMO.DataSourceViewBinding(newDatasourceView.ID);
currentDimension.StorageMode = AMO.DimensionStorageMode.InMemory;
currentDimension.UnknownMember = AMO.UnknownMemberBehavior.AutomaticNull;
currentDimension.UnknownMemberName = "Unknown";
currentDimension.ErrorConfiguration = new AMO.ErrorConfiguration();
currentDimension.ErrorConfiguration.KeyNotFound = AMO.ErrorOption.IgnoreError;
currentDimension.ErrorConfiguration.KeyDuplicate = AMO.ErrorOption.ReportAndStop;
currentDimension.ErrorConfiguration.NullKeyNotAllowed = AMO.ErrorOption.ReportAndStop;
currentDimension.Language = db.Language;
currentDimension.Collation = db.Collation;
currentDimension.ProactiveCaching = new AMO.ProactiveCaching();
TimeSpan defaultProactiveChachingTimeSpan = new TimeSpan(0, 0, -1);
currentDimension.ProactiveCaching.SilenceInterval = defaultProactiveChachingTimeSpan;
currentDimension.ProactiveCaching.Latency = defaultProactiveChachingTimeSpan;
currentDimension.ProactiveCaching.SilenceOverrideInterval = defaultProactiveChachingTimeSpan;
currentDimension.ProactiveCaching.ForceRebuildInterval = defaultProactiveChachingTimeSpan;
currentDimension.ProactiveCaching.Source = new AMO.ProactiveCachingInheritedBinding();
//Manualy add a "RowNumber" attribute as the key attribute of the dimension, until a primary key is defined
//"RowNumber" a required column for a tabular model and has to be of type AMO.AttributeType.RowNumber and binding AMO.RowNumberBinding
//The name of the "RowNumber" attribute can be any name, as long as type and binding are correctly set
//By default the MS client tools set the column name and column ID of the RowNumber attribute to "RowNumber"
//In this sample, to avoid problems, on any customer table that contains a column named 'RowNumber'
//the Id value of the column (in the dimension object) will be renamed to 'RowNumber_in_<TableName>' and the Name of the column will remain "RowNumber"
AMO.DimensionAttribute currentAttribute = currentDimension.Attributes.Add("RowNumber", "RowNumber");
currentAttribute.Type = AMO.AttributeType.RowNumber;
currentAttribute.KeyUniquenessGuarantee = true;
currentAttribute.Usage = AMO.AttributeUsage.Key;
currentAttribute.KeyColumns.Add(new AMO.DataItem());
currentAttribute.KeyColumns[0].DataType = System.Data.OleDb.OleDbType.Integer;
currentAttribute.KeyColumns[0].DataSize = 4;
currentAttribute.KeyColumns[0].NullProcessing = AMO.NullProcessing.Error;
currentAttribute.KeyColumns[0].Source = new AMO.RowNumberBinding();
currentAttribute.NameColumn = new AMO.DataItem();
currentAttribute.NameColumn.DataType = System.Data.OleDb.OleDbType.WChar;
currentAttribute.NameColumn.DataSize = 4;
currentAttribute.NameColumn.NullProcessing = AMO.NullProcessing.ZeroOrBlank;
currentAttribute.NameColumn.Source = new AMO.RowNumberBinding();
currentAttribute.OrderBy = AMO.OrderBy.Key;
currentAttribute.AttributeHierarchyVisible = false;
//Deferring AttributeRelationships until after adding each other attribute
//Add each column in the table as an attribute in the dimension
foreach (DataColumn dataColumn in dataTable.Columns)
{
string attributeID, attributeName;
if (dataColumn.ColumnName != "RowNumber")
{
attributeID = dataColumn.ColumnName;
}
else
{
attributeID = string.Format("RowNumber_in_{0}", dataTable.TableName);
}
attributeName = dataColumn.ColumnName;
currentAttribute = currentDimension.Attributes.Add(attributeName, attributeID);
currentAttribute.Usage = AMO.AttributeUsage.Regular;
currentAttribute.KeyUniquenessGuarantee = false;
currentAttribute.KeyColumns.Add(new AMO.DataItem(dataTable.TableName, dataColumn.ColumnName, AMO.OleDbTypeConverter.GetRestrictedOleDbType(dataColumn.DataType)));
currentAttribute.KeyColumns[0].Source = new AMO.ColumnBinding(dataTable.TableName, dataColumn.ColumnName);
currentAttribute.KeyColumns[0].NullProcessing = AMO.NullProcessing.Preserve;
currentAttribute.NameColumn = new AMO.DataItem(dataTable.TableName, dataColumn.ColumnName, System.Data.OleDb.OleDbType.WChar);
currentAttribute.NameColumn.Source = new AMO.ColumnBinding(dataTable.TableName, dataColumn.ColumnName);
currentAttribute.NameColumn.NullProcessing = AMO.NullProcessing.ZeroOrBlank;
currentAttribute.OrderBy = AMO.OrderBy.Key;
AMO.AttributeRelationship currentAttributeRelationship = currentDimension.Attributes["RowNumber"].AttributeRelationships.Add(currentAttribute.ID);
currentAttributeRelationship.Cardinality = AMO.Cardinality.Many;
currentAttributeRelationship.OverrideBehavior = AMO.OverrideBehavior.None;
}
#endregion
#region Add Dimension to Model cube
cb.Dimensions.Add(tableID, tableID, tableID);
#endregion
#region Add MeasureGroup to Model cube
AMO.MeasureGroup currentMeasureGroup = cb.MeasureGroups.Add(tableID, tableID);
currentMeasureGroup.StorageMode = AMO.StorageMode.InMemory;
currentMeasureGroup.ProcessingMode = AMO.ProcessingMode.Regular;
//Adding Dimension
AMO.DegenerateMeasureGroupDimension currentMGDim = new AMO.DegenerateMeasureGroupDimension(tableID);
currentMeasureGroup.Dimensions.Add(currentMGDim);
currentMGDim.ShareDimensionStorage = AMO.StorageSharingMode.Shared;
currentMGDim.CubeDimensionID = tableID;
foreach (AMO.CubeAttribute ca in cb.Dimensions[tableID].Attributes)
{
AMO.MeasureGroupAttribute mga = new AMO.MeasureGroupAttribute(ca.AttributeID);
if (mga.AttributeID == "RowNumber")
{
mga.Type = AMO.MeasureGroupAttributeType.Granularity;
AMO.DataItem rowNumberKeyColumn = new AMO.DataItem(new AMO.ColumnBinding(tableID, "RowNumber"));
rowNumberKeyColumn.DataType = System.Data.OleDb.OleDbType.Integer;
mga.KeyColumns.Add(rowNumberKeyColumn);
}
else
{
foreach (AMO.DataItem di in ca.Attribute.KeyColumns)
{
AMO.DataItem keyColumn = new AMO.DataItem(new AMO.ColumnBinding(tableID, ((AMO.ColumnBinding)di.Source).ColumnID));
keyColumn.DataType = di.DataType;
keyColumn.NullProcessing = AMO.NullProcessing.Preserve;
keyColumn.InvalidXmlCharacters = AMO.InvalidXmlCharacters.Remove;
mga.KeyColumns.Add(keyColumn);
}
}
currentMGDim.Attributes.Add(mga);
}
//Adding default Measure
String defaultMeasureID = string.Concat("_Count ", tableID);
AMO.Measure currentMeasure = currentMeasureGroup.Measures.Add(defaultMeasureID, defaultMeasureID);
currentMeasure.AggregateFunction = AMO.AggregationFunction.Count;
currentMeasure.DataType = AMO.MeasureDataType.BigInt;
AMO.DataItem currentMeasureSource = new AMO.DataItem(new AMO.RowBinding(tableID));
currentMeasureSource.DataType = System.Data.OleDb.OleDbType.BigInt;
currentMeasure.Source = currentMeasureSource;
//Partitions
AMO.Partition currentPartition = new AMO.Partition(tableID, tableID);
currentPartition.StorageMode = AMO.StorageMode.InMemory;
currentPartition.ProcessingMode = AMO.ProcessingMode.Regular;
currentPartition.Source = new AMO.QueryBinding(newDatasource.ID, (String)dataTable.ExtendedProperties["sqlStmt"]);
currentMeasureGroup.Partitions.Add(currentPartition);
#endregion
#region Update new objects in database
db.Update(AMO.UpdateOptions.ExpandFull, AMO.UpdateMode.UpdateOrCreate);
#endregion
return true;
}
.gif "注意事项") 注意 |
|---|
上面的代码段不具有出现错误时应具有的错误检查或清除过程。 |
AMO2Tabular 示例
为了理解如何使用 AMO 创建和操作数据库表示形式，请参阅 AMO 到表格示例中的源代码；具体来讲，请查看以下源文件：CreateTable.cs。 该示例在 Codeplex 上提供。 有关该代码的重要说明：提供该代码只是为了支持本文介绍的逻辑概念，不应用于生产环境中；也不应用于除教学之外的其他用途。