使用 IRowsetFastLoad 进行大容量数据复制（OLE DB）

2017-04-27

此示例演示如何使用 IRowsetFastLoad 将记录批量复制到表中。

使用者通过将 SQLOLEDB 提供程序特定的属性SSPROP_ENABLEFASTLOAD设置为VARIANT_TRUE，通知 SQLOLEDB 对其大容量复制的需求。在数据源上设置属性后，使用者将创建 SQLOLEDB 会话。新会话允许使用者访问 IRowsetFastLoad。

提供了一个完整的示例，演示如何 IRowsetFastLoad 将记录批量复制到表中。在此示例中，向表 IRFLTable 添加了 10 条记录。需要在数据库中创建表 IRFLTable 。

此示例需要 AdventureWorks 示例数据库，可以从 Microsoft SQL Server 示例和社区项目主页下载该数据库。

重要

请尽可能使用 Windows 身份验证。如果 Windows 身份验证不可用，则提示用户在运行时输入其凭据。避免将凭据存储在文件中。如果必须保留凭据，则应使用 Win32 加密 API 对其进行加密。

将数据大容量复制到 SQL Server 表

建立与数据源的连接。
将 SQLOLEDB 提供程序特定的数据源属性SSPROP_ENABLEFASTLOAD设置为VARIANT_TRUE。将此属性设置为VARIANT_TRUE时，新创建的会话允许使用者访问 IRowsetFastLoad。
创建请求接口的 IOpenRowset 会话。
调用 IOpenRowset::OpenRowset 以打开包含表中的所有行的行集（使用大容量复制作复制数据）。
执行必要的绑定并使用创建访问器 IAccessor::CreateAccessor。
设置将数据复制到表的内存缓冲区。
调用 IRowsetFastLoad::InsertRow 以批量将数据复制到表中。

示例：

在此示例中，向表 IRFLTable 添加了 10 条记录。需要在数据库中创建表 IRFLTable。 IA64 不支持此示例。

执行第一个（Transact-SQL）代码列表以创建应用程序使用的表。

使用 ole32.lib oleaut32.lib 进行编译，并执行以下C++代码列表。此应用程序连接到计算机的默认 SQL Server 实例。在某些 Windows作系统上，需要将（localhost）或（local）更改为 SQL Server 实例的名称。若要连接到命名实例，请将连接字符串从 L“（local）”更改为 L“（local）\\name”，其中名称为命名实例。默认情况下，SQL Server Express 安装到命名实例。请确保 INCLUDE 环境变量包含包含 sqlncli.h 的目录。

执行第三个（Transact-SQL）代码列表以删除应用程序使用的表。

USE AdventureWorks  
GO  
  
IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysobjects WHERE name = 'IRFLTable')  
     DROP TABLE IRFLTable  
GO  
  
CREATE TABLE IRFLTable (col_vchar varchar(30))

// compile with: ole32.lib oleaut32.lib  
#define DBINITCONSTANTS  
#define OLEDBVER 0x0250   // to include correct interfaces  
  
#include <oledb.h>  
#include <oledberr.h>  
#include <stdio.h>  
#include <stddef.h>   // for offsetof  
#include <sqlncli.h>  
  
// @type UWORD    | 2 byte unsigned integer.  
typedef unsigned short UWORD;  
  
// @type SDWORD   | 4 byte signed integer.  
typedef signed long SDWORD;  
  
WCHAR g_wszTable[] = L"IRFLTable";  
WCHAR g_strTestLOC[100] = L"localhost";  
WCHAR g_strTestDBName[] = L"AdventureWorks";  
const UWORD g_cOPTION = 4;  
const UWORD MAXPROPERTIES = 5;  
const ULONG DEFAULT_CBMAXLENGTH = 20;  
IMalloc* g_pIMalloc = NULL;  
IDBInitialize* g_pIDBInitialize = NULL;  
  
// Given an ICommand pointer, properties, and query, a rowsetpointer is returned.  
HRESULT CreateSessionCommand( DBPROPSET* rgPropertySets, ULONG ulcPropCount, CLSID clsidProv );  
  
// Use to set properties and execute a given query.  
HRESULT ExecuteQuery ( IDBCreateCommand* pIDBCreateCommand,  
                       WCHAR* pwszQuery,  
                       DBPROPSET* rgPropertySets,  
                       ULONG ulcPropCount,   
                       LONG* pcRowsAffected,  
                       IRowset** ppIRowset,  
                       BOOL fSuccessOnly = TRUE );  
  
// Use to set up options for call to IDBInitialize::Initialize.  
void SetupOption ( DBPROPID PropID, WCHAR *wszVal, DBPROP * pDBProp );  
  
// Sets fastload property on/off for session.  
HRESULT SetFastLoadProperty(BOOL fSet);  
  
// IRowsetFastLoad inserting data.  
HRESULT FastLoadData();  
  
// How to lay out each column in memory.  
struct COLUMNDATA {  
   DBLENGTH dwLength;   // Length of data (not space allocated).  
   DWORD dwStatus;   // Status of column.  
   BYTE bData[1];   // Store data here as a variant.  
};  
  
#define COLUMN_ALIGNVAL 8  
  
#define ROUND_UP(Size, Amount)(((DWORD)(Size) + ((Amount)-1)) & ~((Amount)-1))  
  
int main() {  
   HRESULT hr = NOERROR;  
   HRESULT hr2 = NOERROR;  
  
   // OLE initialized?  
   BOOL fInitialized = FALSE;  
  
   // One property set for initializing.  
   DBPROPSET rgPropertySets[1];  
  
   // Properties within above property set.  
   DBPROP rgDBProperties[g_cOPTION];   
  
   IDBCreateCommand* pIDBCreateCommand = NULL;  
   IRowset* pIRowset = NULL;  
   DBPROPSET* rgProperties = NULL;  
   IAccessor* pIAccessor = NULL;  
  
   // Basic initialization.  
   if ( FAILED(CoInitialize(NULL)) )  
      goto cleanup;  
   else  
      fInitialized = TRUE;  
  
   hr = CoGetMalloc(MEMCTX_TASK, &g_pIMalloc);  
   if ((!g_pIMalloc) || FAILED(hr))  
      goto cleanup;  
  
   // Set up property set for call to IDBInitialize in CreateSessionCommand.  
   rgPropertySets[0].rgProperties = rgDBProperties;  
   rgPropertySets[0].cProperties = g_cOPTION;  
   rgPropertySets[0].guidPropertySet = DBPROPSET_DBINIT;  
  
   SetupOption(DBPROP_INIT_CATALOG, g_strTestDBName, &rgDBProperties[0]);  
  
   SetupOption(DBPROP_AUTH_INTEGRATED, L"SSPI", &rgDBProperties[1]);  
  
   SetupOption(DBPROP_INIT_DATASOURCE, g_strTestLOC, &rgDBProperties[3]);  
  
   if (!SUCCEEDED( hr = CreateSessionCommand(rgPropertySets, 1, CLSID_SQLNCLI11)))  
      goto cleanup;  
  
   // Get IRowsetFastLoad and insert data into IRFLTable.  
   if (FAILED(hr = FastLoadData()))  
      goto cleanup;  
  
cleanup:  
   // Release memory.  
   if (rgProperties && rgProperties->rgProperties)  
      delete [](rgProperties->rgProperties);  
   if (rgProperties)  
      delete []rgProperties;  
   if (pIDBCreateCommand)  
      pIDBCreateCommand->Release();  
  
   if (pIAccessor)  
      pIAccessor->Release();  
  
   if (pIRowset)  
      pIRowset->Release();  
   if (g_pIMalloc)  
      g_pIMalloc->Release();  
  
   if (g_pIDBInitialize) {      
      hr2 = g_pIDBInitialize->Uninitialize();  
      if (FAILED(hr2))  
         printf("Uninitialize failed\n");  
   }  
  
   if (fInitialized)  
      CoUninitialize();  
  
   if (SUCCEEDED(hr))  
      printf("Test completed successfully.\n\n");  
   else  
      printf("Test failed.\n\n");  
}  
  
HRESULT FastLoadData() {  
   HRESULT hr = E_FAIL;  
   HRESULT hr2 = E_FAIL;  
   DBID TableID;  
  
   IDBCreateSession* pIDBCreateSession = NULL;  
   IOpenRowset* pIOpenRowsetFL = NULL;  
   IRowsetFastLoad* pIFastLoad = NULL;  
  
   IAccessor* pIAccessor = NULL;  
   HACCESSOR hAccessor = 0;  
   DBBINDSTATUS oneStatus = 0;  
  
   DBBINDING oneBinding;  
   ULONG ulOffset = 0;  
   TableID.uName.pwszName = NULL;  
   LONG i = 0;  
   void* pData = NULL;  
   COLUMNDATA* pcolData = NULL;  
  
   TableID.eKind = DBKIND_NAME;  
   // if ( !(TableID.uName.pwszName = new WCHAR[wcslen(g_wszTable) + 2]) )  
   LPOLESTR x = TableID.uName.pwszName = new WCHAR[wcslen(g_wszTable) + 2];  
   if (!x)  
      return E_FAIL;  
   wcsncpy_s(TableID.uName.pwszName, wcslen(g_wszTable) + 2, g_wszTable, wcslen(g_wszTable)+1);  
   TableID.uName.pwszName[wcslen(g_wszTable)+1] = (WCHAR) NULL;  
  
   // Get the fastload pointer.  
   if (FAILED(hr = SetFastLoadProperty(TRUE)))  
      goto cleanup;  
  
   if ( FAILED( hr =   
      g_pIDBInitialize->QueryInterface( IID_IDBCreateSession, (void **) &pIDBCreateSession )))  
      goto cleanup;  
  
   if ( FAILED( hr =   
      pIDBCreateSession->CreateSession( NULL, IID_IOpenRowset, (IUnknown **) &pIOpenRowsetFL )))  
      goto cleanup;  
  
   // Get IRowsetFastLoad initialized to use the test table.  
   if (FAILED(hr =   
      pIOpenRowsetFL->OpenRowset(NULL,   
                                 &TableID,   
                                 NULL,   
                                 IID_IRowsetFastLoad,   
                                 0,   
                                 NULL,   
                                 (LPUNKNOWN *)&pIFastLoad)))  
      goto cleanup;  
  
   // Set up custom bindings.  
   oneBinding.dwPart = DBPART_VALUE | DBPART_LENGTH | DBPART_STATUS;  
   oneBinding.iOrdinal = 1;  
   oneBinding.pTypeInfo = NULL;  
   oneBinding.obValue = ulOffset + offsetof(COLUMNDATA,bData);  
   oneBinding.obLength = ulOffset + offsetof(COLUMNDATA,dwLength);  
   oneBinding.obStatus = ulOffset + offsetof(COLUMNDATA,dwStatus);  
   oneBinding.cbMaxLen = 30;   // Size of varchar column.  
   oneBinding.pTypeInfo = NULL;  
   oneBinding.pObject = NULL;  
   oneBinding.pBindExt = NULL;  
   oneBinding.dwFlags = 0;  
   oneBinding.eParamIO = DBPARAMIO_NOTPARAM;  
   oneBinding.dwMemOwner = DBMEMOWNER_CLIENTOWNED;  
   oneBinding.bPrecision= 0;     
   oneBinding.bScale = 0;    
   oneBinding.wType = DBTYPE_STR;    
   ulOffset = oneBinding.cbMaxLen + offsetof(COLUMNDATA, bData);  
   ulOffset = ROUND_UP( ulOffset, COLUMN_ALIGNVAL );  
  
   if ( FAILED( hr =   
      pIFastLoad->QueryInterface(IID_IAccessor, (void **) &pIAccessor)))   
      return hr;  
  
   if (FAILED(hr = pIAccessor->CreateAccessor( DBACCESSOR_ROWDATA,   
                                               1,   
                                               &oneBinding,   
                                               ulOffset,   
                                               &hAccessor,   
                                               &oneStatus)))  
      return hr;  
  
   // Set up memory buffer.  
   pData = new BYTE[40];  
   if (!(pData /* = new BYTE[40]*/ )) {  
      hr = E_FAIL;  
      goto cleanup;  
   }  
  
   pcolData = (COLUMNDATA*)pData;  
   pcolData->dwLength = (SDWORD)strlen("Show the data") + 1;  
   pcolData->dwStatus = 0;  
   memcpy(&(pcolData->bData), "Show the data", strlen("Show the data") + 1);  
  
   for ( i = 0 ; i < 10 ; i++ )  
      if (FAILED(hr = pIFastLoad->InsertRow(hAccessor, pData)))  
         goto cleanup;  
  
   if (FAILED(hr = pIFastLoad->Commit(TRUE)))  
      printf("Error on IRFL::Commit\n");  
  
cleanup:  
   if (FAILED(hr2 = SetFastLoadProperty(FALSE)))  
      printf("SetFastLoadProperty(FALSE) failed with %x", hr2);  
  
   if (pIAccessor && hAccessor)  
      if (FAILED(pIAccessor->ReleaseAccessor(hAccessor, NULL)))  
         hr = E_FAIL;  
  
   if (pIAccessor)  
      pIAccessor->Release();  
  
   if (pIFastLoad)  
      pIFastLoad->Release();  
  
   if (pIOpenRowsetFL)  
      pIOpenRowsetFL->Release();  
  
   if (pIDBCreateSession)  
      pIDBCreateSession->Release();  
  
   if (TableID.uName.pwszName)  
      delete []TableID.uName.pwszName;  
  
   return hr;  
}  
  
HRESULT SetFastLoadProperty(BOOL fSet) {  
   HRESULT hr = S_OK;  
   IDBProperties* pIDBProps = NULL;  
   DBPROP rgProps[1];  
   DBPROPSET PropSet;  
  
   VariantInit(&rgProps[0].vValue);  
  
   rgProps[0].dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;  
   rgProps[0].colid = DB_NULLID;  
   rgProps[0].vValue.vt = VT_BOOL;  
   rgProps[0].dwPropertyID = SSPROP_ENABLEFASTLOAD;  
  
   if (fSet == TRUE)  
      rgProps[0].vValue.boolVal = VARIANT_TRUE;  
   else  
      rgProps[0].vValue.boolVal = VARIANT_FALSE;  
  
   PropSet.rgProperties = rgProps;  
   PropSet.cProperties = 1;  
   PropSet.guidPropertySet = DBPROPSET_SQLSERVERDATASOURCE;  
  
   if (SUCCEEDED(hr = g_pIDBInitialize->QueryInterface(IID_IDBProperties, (LPVOID *)&pIDBProps)))  
      hr = pIDBProps->SetProperties(1, &PropSet);  
  
   VariantClear(&rgProps[0].vValue);   
  
   if (pIDBProps)  
      pIDBProps->Release();  
  
   return hr;  
}  
  
HRESULT CreateSessionCommand( DBPROPSET* rgPropertySets,// @parm [in] property sets  
                              ULONG ulcPropCount,   // @parm [in] count of prop sets.  
                              CLSID clsidProv) {  // @parm [in] Provider CLSID.  
  
   HRESULT hr = NOERROR;  
   IDBCreateSession* pIDBCreateSession = NULL;  
   IDBProperties* pIDBProperties = NULL;  
   UWORD i = 0, j = 0;   // indexes.  
  
   if (ulcPropCount && !rgPropertySets) {  
      hr = E_INVALIDARG;  
      return hr;  
   }  
  
   if (!SUCCEEDED(hr = CoCreateInstance(clsidProv,   
                                        NULL,CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,  
                                        IID_IDBInitialize,  
                                        (void **)&g_pIDBInitialize)))  
      goto CLEANUP;  
  
   if (!SUCCEEDED(hr = g_pIDBInitialize->QueryInterface( IID_IDBProperties,  
                                                         (void **)&pIDBProperties)))  
      goto CLEANUP;  
  
   if (!SUCCEEDED(hr = pIDBProperties->SetProperties(ulcPropCount, rgPropertySets)))  
      goto CLEANUP;  
  
   if (!SUCCEEDED(hr = g_pIDBInitialize->Initialize())) {  
      printf("Call to initialize failed.\n");  
      goto CLEANUP;  
   }  
  
CLEANUP:  
   if (pIDBProperties)  
      pIDBProperties->Release();  
   if (pIDBCreateSession)  
      pIDBCreateSession->Release();  
  
   for (i = 0 ; i < ulcPropCount ; i++)  
      for (j = 0 ; j < rgPropertySets[i].cProperties ; j++)  
         VariantClear(&(rgPropertySets[i].rgProperties[j]).vValue);  
   return hr;  
}  
  
void SetupOption (DBPROPID PropID, WCHAR *wszVal, DBPROP * pDBProp ) {  
   pDBProp->dwPropertyID = PropID;  
   pDBProp->dwOptions = DBPROPOPTIONS_REQUIRED;  
   pDBProp->colid = DB_NULLID;  
   pDBProp->vValue.vt = VT_BSTR;  
   pDBProp->vValue.bstrVal = SysAllocStringLen(wszVal, wcslen(wszVal));  
}

USE AdventureWorks  
GO  
  
IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysobjects WHERE name = 'IRFLTable')  
     DROP TABLE IRFLTable  
GO

通过

使用 IRowsetFastLoad 进行大容量数据复制（OLE DB）

将数据大容量复制到 SQL Server 表

示例：

其他资源