事务和批量复制操作 (ADO.NET)

批量复制操作可以作为独立的操作执行,也可以作为多步事务的一部分执行。 后一种方式使您可以在同一事务中执行多个批量复制操作并执行其他数据库操作(例如插入、更新和删除),同时仍能够提交或回滚整个事务。

默认情况下,批量复制操作作为独立的操作执行。 批量复制操作以非事务性方式发生,不可能使其回滚。 如果需要在出错时回滚全部批量复制或它的一部分,可以使用 SqlBulkCopy 托管的事务,在现有事务中执行批量复制操作,或者在 System.TransactionsTransaction 中登记它。

执行非事务性批量复制操作

下面的控制台应用程序演示非事务性批量复制操作在执行操作过程中遇到错误时发生的情况。

在该示例中,源表和目标表分别包括一个名为 ProductID 的 Identity 列。 代码首先通过删除所有行,然后插入其 ProductID 已知存在于源表的单行,准备目标表。 默认情况下,在目标表中为添加的每一行都生成 Identity 列的新值。 在此示例中,在打开连接时设置一个选项,该选项强制批量加载进程改为使用来自源表的 Identity 值。

批量复制操作在 BatchSize 属性设置为 10 的情况下执行。 当操作遇到无效行时,将引发异常。 在此第一个示例中,批量复制操作是非事务性的。 在错误点之前复制的所有批次都被提交;回滚包含重复键的批次,并且在处理任何其他批次前中止批量复制操作。

注意注意

除非已按照批量复制示例设置 (ADO.NET)中所述创建了工作表,否则此示例将不会运行。提供此代码是为了演示仅使用 SqlBulkCopy 时的语法。如果源表和目标表位于同一个 SQL Server 实例中,则使用 Transact-SQL INSERT … SELECT 语句复制数据会更加容易、更加迅速。

Imports System.Data.SqlClient

Module Module1
    Sub Main()
        Dim connectionString As String = GetConnectionString()

        ' Open a sourceConnection to the AdventureWorks database.
        Using sourceConnection As SqlConnection = _
           New SqlConnection(connectionString)
            sourceConnection.Open()

            ' Delete all from the destination table.
            Dim commandDelete As New SqlCommand
            commandDelete.Connection = sourceConnection
            commandDelete.CommandText = _
               "DELETE FROM dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns"
            commandDelete.ExecuteNonQuery()

            ' Add a single row that will result in duplicate key
            ' when all rows from source are bulk copied.
            ' Note that this technique will only be successful in 
            ' illustrating the point if a row with ProductID = 446  
            ' exists in the AdventureWorks Production.Products table. 
            ' If you have made changes to the data in this table, change
            ' the SQL statement in the code to add a ProductID that
            ' does exist in your version of the Production.Products
            ' table. Choose any ProductID in the middle of the table
            ' (not first or last row) to best illustrate the result.
            Dim commandInsert As New SqlCommand
            commandInsert.Connection = sourceConnection
            commandInsert.CommandText = _
               "SET IDENTITY_INSERT dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns ON;" & _
               "INSERT INTO dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns " & _
               "([ProductID], [Name] ,[ProductNumber]) " & _
               "VALUES(446, 'Lock Nut 23','LN-3416');" & _
               "SET IDENTITY_INSERT dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns OFF"
            commandInsert.ExecuteNonQuery()

            ' Perform an initial count on the destination table.
            Dim commandRowCount As New SqlCommand( _
               "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns;", _
                sourceConnection)
            Dim countStart As Long = _
               System.Convert.ToInt32(commandRowCount.ExecuteScalar())
            Console.WriteLine("Starting row count = {0}", countStart)

            ' Get data from the source table as a SqlDataReader.
            Dim commandSourceData As SqlCommand = New SqlCommand( _
               "SELECT ProductID, Name, ProductNumber " & _
               "FROM Production.Product;", sourceConnection)
            Dim reader As SqlDataReader = _
             commandSourceData.ExecuteReader()

            ' Set up the bulk copy object using the KeepIdentity option.
            Using bulkCopy As SqlBulkCopy = New SqlBulkCopy(connectionString, _
              SqlBulkCopyOptions.KeepIdentity)
                bulkCopy.BatchSize = 10
                bulkCopy.DestinationTableName = "dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns"

                ' Write from the source to the destination.
                ' This should fail with a duplicate key error
                ' after some of the batches have already been copied.
                Try
                    bulkCopy.WriteToServer(reader)

                Catch ex As Exception
                    Console.WriteLine(ex.Message)

                Finally
                    reader.Close()
                End Try
            End Using

            ' Perform a final count on the destination table
            ' to see how many rows were added.
            Dim countEnd As Long = _
                System.Convert.ToInt32(commandRowCount.ExecuteScalar())
            Console.WriteLine("Ending row count = {0}", countEnd)
            Console.WriteLine("{0} rows were added.", countEnd - countStart)
            Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to finish.")
            Console.ReadLine()
        End Using
    End Sub

    Private Function GetConnectionString() As String
        ' To avoid storing the sourceConnection string in your code, 
        ' you can retrieve it from a configuration file. 
        Return "Data Source=(local);" & _
            "Integrated Security=true;" & _
            "Initial Catalog=AdventureWorks;"
    End Function
End Module
using System.Data.SqlClient;

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        string connectionString = GetConnectionString();
        // Open a sourceConnection to the AdventureWorks database.
        using (SqlConnection sourceConnection =
                   new SqlConnection(connectionString))
        {
            sourceConnection.Open();

            //  Delete all from the destination table.         
            SqlCommand commandDelete = new SqlCommand();
            commandDelete.Connection = sourceConnection;
            commandDelete.CommandText =
                "DELETE FROM dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns";
            commandDelete.ExecuteNonQuery();

            //  Add a single row that will result in duplicate key         
            //  when all rows from source are bulk copied.         
            //  Note that this technique will only be successful in          
            //  illustrating the point if a row with ProductID = 446           
            //  exists in the AdventureWorks Production.Products table.          
            //  If you have made changes to the data in this table, change         
            //  the SQL statement in the code to add a ProductID that         
            //  does exist in your version of the Production.Products         
            //  table. Choose any ProductID in the middle of the table         
            //  (not first or last row) to best illustrate the result.         
            SqlCommand commandInsert = new SqlCommand();
            commandInsert.Connection = sourceConnection;
            commandInsert.CommandText =
                "SET IDENTITY_INSERT dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns ON;" +
                "INSERT INTO " + "dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns " +
                "([ProductID], [Name] ,[ProductNumber]) " +
                "VALUES(446, 'Lock Nut 23','LN-3416');" +
                "SET IDENTITY_INSERT dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns OFF";
            commandInsert.ExecuteNonQuery();

            // Perform an initial count on the destination table.
            SqlCommand commandRowCount = new SqlCommand(
                "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns;",
                sourceConnection);
            long countStart = System.Convert.ToInt32(
                commandRowCount.ExecuteScalar());
            Console.WriteLine("Starting row count = {0}", countStart);

            //  Get data from the source table as a SqlDataReader.         
            SqlCommand commandSourceData = new SqlCommand(
                "SELECT ProductID, Name, ProductNumber " +
                "FROM Production.Product;", sourceConnection);
            SqlDataReader reader = commandSourceData.ExecuteReader();

            // Set up the bulk copy object using the KeepIdentity option. 
            using (SqlBulkCopy bulkCopy = new SqlBulkCopy(
                       connectionString, SqlBulkCopyOptions.KeepIdentity))
            {
                bulkCopy.BatchSize = 10;
                bulkCopy.DestinationTableName =
                    "dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns";

                // Write from the source to the destination.
                // This should fail with a duplicate key error
                // after some of the batches have been copied.
                try
                {
                    bulkCopy.WriteToServer(reader);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                }
                finally
                {
                    reader.Close();
                }
            }

            // Perform a final count on the destination 
            // table to see how many rows were added.
            long countEnd = System.Convert.ToInt32(
                commandRowCount.ExecuteScalar());
            Console.WriteLine("Ending row count = {0}", countEnd);
            Console.WriteLine("{0} rows were added.", countEnd - countStart);
            Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to finish.");
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }

    private static string GetConnectionString()
        // To avoid storing the sourceConnection string in your code, 
        // you can retrieve it from a configuration file. 
    {
        return "Data Source=(local); " +
            " Integrated Security=true;" +
            "Initial Catalog=AdventureWorks;";
    }
}

在事务中执行专用的批量复制操作

默认情况下,批量复制操作是其自己的事务。 在您要执行专用的批量复制操作时,使用连接字符串创建 SqlBulkCopy 的新实例,或者在没有活动事务的情况下使用现有 SqlConnection 对象。 在每一种情况中,批量复制操作都创建该事务,然后提交或回滚该事务。

您可以在 SqlBulkCopy 类构造函数中显式指定 UseInternalTransaction 选项,以显式导致批量复制操作在其自己的事务中执行,使每批批量复制操作都在单独的事务中执行。

注意注意

由于不同批次在不同事务中执行,因此,如果在批量复制操作期间发生错误,则当前批次中的所有行都将被回滚,但以前批次中的行将保留在数据库中。

下面的控制台应用程序与前面的示例相似,只有一个例外:在此示例中,批量复制操作管理自己的事务。 在错误点之前复制的所有批次都被提交;回滚包含重复键的批次,并且在处理任何其他批次前中止批量复制操作。

重要说明重要事项

除非已按照批量复制示例设置 (ADO.NET)中所述创建了工作表,否则此示例将不会运行。提供此代码是为了演示仅使用 SqlBulkCopy 时的语法。如果源表和目标表位于同一个 SQL Server 实例中,则使用 Transact-SQL INSERT … SELECT 语句复制数据会更加容易、更加迅速。

Imports System.Data.SqlClient

Module Module1
    Sub Main()
        Dim connectionString As String = GetConnectionString()

        ' Open a sourceConnection to the AdventureWorks database.
        Using sourceConnection As SqlConnection = _
           New SqlConnection(connectionString)
            sourceConnection.Open()

            ' Delete all from the destination table.
            Dim commandDelete As New SqlCommand
            commandDelete.Connection = sourceConnection
            commandDelete.CommandText = _
               "DELETE FROM dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns"
            commandDelete.ExecuteNonQuery()

            ' Add a single row that will result in duplicate key
            ' when all rows from source are bulk copied.
            ' Note that this technique will only be successful in 
            ' illustrating the point if a row with ProductID = 446  
            ' exists in the AdventureWorks Production.Products table. 
            ' If you have made changes to the data in this table, change
            ' the SQL statement in the code to add a ProductID that
            ' does exist in your version of the Production.Products
            ' table. Choose any ProductID in the middle of the table
            ' (not first or last row) to best illustrate the result.
            Dim commandInsert As New SqlCommand
            commandInsert.Connection = sourceConnection
            commandInsert.CommandText = _
               "SET IDENTITY_INSERT dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns ON;" & _
               "INSERT INTO dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns " & _
               "([ProductID], [Name] ,[ProductNumber]) " & _
               "VALUES(446, 'Lock Nut 23','LN-3416');" & _
               "SET IDENTITY_INSERT dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns OFF"
            commandInsert.ExecuteNonQuery()

            ' Perform an initial count on the destination table.
            Dim commandRowCount As New SqlCommand( _
               "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns;", _
                sourceConnection)
            Dim countStart As Long = _
               System.Convert.ToInt32(commandRowCount.ExecuteScalar())
            Console.WriteLine("Starting row count = {0}", countStart)

            ' Get data from the source table as a SqlDataReader.
            Dim commandSourceData As SqlCommand = New SqlCommand( _
               "SELECT ProductID, Name, ProductNumber " & _
               "FROM Production.Product;", sourceConnection)
            Dim reader As SqlDataReader = _
             commandSourceData.ExecuteReader()

            ' Set up the bulk copy object.
            ' Note that when specifying the UseInternalTransaction option, 
            ' you cannot also specify an external transaction. Therefore, 
            ' you must use the SqlBulkCopy construct that requires a string 
            ' for the connection, rather than an existing SqlConnection object.
            Using bulkCopy As SqlBulkCopy = New SqlBulkCopy(connectionString, _
             SqlBulkCopyOptions.UseInternalTransaction Or _
             SqlBulkCopyOptions.KeepIdentity)
                bulkCopy.BatchSize = 10
                bulkCopy.DestinationTableName = "dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns"

                ' Write from the source to the destination.
                ' This should fail with a duplicate key error
                ' after some of the batches have already been copied.
                Try
                    bulkCopy.WriteToServer(reader)

                Catch ex As Exception
                    Console.WriteLine(ex.Message)

                Finally
                    reader.Close()
                End Try
            End Using

            ' Perform a final count on the destination table
            ' to see how many rows were added.
            Dim countEnd As Long = _
                System.Convert.ToInt32(commandRowCount.ExecuteScalar())
            Console.WriteLine("Ending row count = {0}", countEnd)
            Console.WriteLine("{0} rows were added.", countEnd - countStart)
            Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to finish.")
            Console.ReadLine()
        End Using
    End Sub

    Private Function GetConnectionString() As String
        ' To avoid storing the sourceConnection string in your code, 
        ' you can retrieve it from a configuration file. 
        Return "Data Source=(local);" & _
            "Integrated Security=true;" & _
            "Initial Catalog=AdventureWorks;"
    End Function
End Module
using System.Data.SqlClient;

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        string connectionString = GetConnectionString();
        // Open a sourceConnection to the AdventureWorks database.
        using (SqlConnection sourceConnection =
                   new SqlConnection(connectionString))
        {
            sourceConnection.Open();

            //  Delete all from the destination table.         
            SqlCommand commandDelete = new SqlCommand();
            commandDelete.Connection = sourceConnection;
            commandDelete.CommandText =
                "DELETE FROM dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns";
            commandDelete.ExecuteNonQuery();

            //  Add a single row that will result in duplicate key         
            //  when all rows from source are bulk copied.         
            //  Note that this technique will only be successful in          
            //  illustrating the point if a row with ProductID = 446           
            //  exists in the AdventureWorks Production.Products table.          
            //  If you have made changes to the data in this table, change         
            //  the SQL statement in the code to add a ProductID that         
            //  does exist in your version of the Production.Products         
            //  table. Choose any ProductID in the middle of the table         
            //  (not first or last row) to best illustrate the result.         
            SqlCommand commandInsert = new SqlCommand();
            commandInsert.Connection = sourceConnection;
            commandInsert.CommandText =
                "SET IDENTITY_INSERT dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns ON;" +
                "INSERT INTO " + "dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns " +
                "([ProductID], [Name] ,[ProductNumber]) " +
                "VALUES(446, 'Lock Nut 23','LN-3416');" +
                "SET IDENTITY_INSERT dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns OFF";
            commandInsert.ExecuteNonQuery();

            // Perform an initial count on the destination table.
            SqlCommand commandRowCount = new SqlCommand(
                "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns;",
                sourceConnection);
            long countStart = System.Convert.ToInt32(
                commandRowCount.ExecuteScalar());
            Console.WriteLine("Starting row count = {0}", countStart);

            //  Get data from the source table as a SqlDataReader.         
            SqlCommand commandSourceData = new SqlCommand(
                "SELECT ProductID, Name, ProductNumber " +
                "FROM Production.Product;", sourceConnection);
            SqlDataReader reader = commandSourceData.ExecuteReader();

            // Set up the bulk copy object.
            // Note that when specifying the UseInternalTransaction
            // option, you cannot also specify an external transaction.
            // Therefore, you must use the SqlBulkCopy construct that
            // requires a string for the connection, rather than an
            // existing SqlConnection object. 
            using (SqlBulkCopy bulkCopy = new SqlBulkCopy(
                       connectionString, SqlBulkCopyOptions.KeepIdentity |
                       SqlBulkCopyOptions.UseInternalTransaction))
            {
                bulkCopy.BatchSize = 10;
                bulkCopy.DestinationTableName =
                    "dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns";

                // Write from the source to the destination.
                // This should fail with a duplicate key error
                // after some of the batches have been copied.
                try
                {
                    bulkCopy.WriteToServer(reader);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                }
                finally
                {
                    reader.Close();
                }
            }

            // Perform a final count on the destination 
            // table to see how many rows were added.
            long countEnd = System.Convert.ToInt32(
                commandRowCount.ExecuteScalar());
            Console.WriteLine("Ending row count = {0}", countEnd);
            Console.WriteLine("{0} rows were added.", countEnd - countStart);
            Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to finish.");
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }

    private static string GetConnectionString()
        // To avoid storing the sourceConnection string in your code, 
        // you can retrieve it from a configuration file. 
    {
        return "Data Source=(local); " +
            " Integrated Security=true;" +
            "Initial Catalog=AdventureWorks;";
    }
}

使用现有事务

您可以将现有 SqlTransaction 对象指定为 SqlBulkCopy 构造函数中的参数。 在这种情况下,会在现有事务中执行批量复制操作,并且不会对事务状态进行任何更改(这意味着不提交也不中止事务)。 这允许应用程序在具有其他数据库操作的事务中包含批量复制操作。 但是,如果您没有指定 SqlTransaction 对象并传递空引用,而且连接具有活动的事务,则引发异常。

如果由于发生错误而需要回滚整个批量复制操作,或者批量复制应作为更大的可回滚进程的一部分执行,则可以将 SqlTransaction 对象提供给 SqlBulkCopy 构造函数。

下面的控制台应用程序与第一个(非事务性)示例相似,但有一个例外:在此示例中,批量复制操作包含在一个更大的外部事务中。 在发生了主键冲突错误时,回滚整个事务并且不会将任何行添加到目标表。

重要说明重要事项

除非已按照批量复制示例设置 (ADO.NET)中所述创建了工作表,否则此示例将不会运行。提供此代码是为了演示仅使用 SqlBulkCopy 时的语法。如果源表和目标表位于同一个 SQL Server 实例中,则使用 Transact-SQL INSERT … SELECT 语句复制数据会更加容易、更加迅速。

Imports System.Data.SqlClient

Module Module1
    Sub Main()
        Dim connectionString As String = GetConnectionString()

        ' Open a sourceConnection to the AdventureWorks database.
        Using sourceConnection As SqlConnection = _
           New SqlConnection(connectionString)
            sourceConnection.Open()

            ' Delete all from the destination table.
            Dim commandDelete As New SqlCommand
            commandDelete.Connection = sourceConnection
            commandDelete.CommandText = _
               "DELETE FROM dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns"
            commandDelete.ExecuteNonQuery()

            ' Add a single row that will result in duplicate key
            ' when all rows from source are bulk copied.
            ' Note that this technique will only be successful in 
            ' illustrating the point if a row with ProductID = 446  
            ' exists in the AdventureWorks Production.Products table. 
            ' If you have made changes to the data in this table, change
            ' the SQL statement in the code to add a ProductID that
            ' does exist in your version of the Production.Products
            ' table. Choose any ProductID in the middle of the table
            ' (not first or last row) to best illustrate the result.
            Dim commandInsert As New SqlCommand
            commandInsert.Connection = sourceConnection
            commandInsert.CommandText = _
               "SET IDENTITY_INSERT dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns ON;" & _
               "INSERT INTO dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns " & _
               "([ProductID], [Name] ,[ProductNumber]) " & _
               "VALUES(446, 'Lock Nut 23','LN-3416');" & _
               "SET IDENTITY_INSERT dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns OFF"
            commandInsert.ExecuteNonQuery()

            ' Perform an initial count on the destination table.
            Dim commandRowCount As New SqlCommand( _
               "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns;", _
                sourceConnection)
            Dim countStart As Long = _
               System.Convert.ToInt32(commandRowCount.ExecuteScalar())
            Console.WriteLine("Starting row count = {0}", countStart)

            ' Get data from the source table as a SqlDataReader.
            Dim commandSourceData As SqlCommand = New SqlCommand( _
               "SELECT ProductID, Name, ProductNumber " & _
               "FROM Production.Product;", sourceConnection)
            Dim reader As SqlDataReader = _
             commandSourceData.ExecuteReader()

            ' Set up the bulk copy object inside the transaction. 
            Using destinationConnection As SqlConnection = _
               New SqlConnection(connectionString)
                destinationConnection.Open()

                Using transaction As SqlTransaction = _
                  destinationConnection.BeginTransaction()

                    Using bulkCopy As SqlBulkCopy = New _
                      SqlBulkCopy(destinationConnection, _
                         SqlBulkCopyOptions.KeepIdentity, transaction)
                        bulkCopy.BatchSize = 10
                        bulkCopy.DestinationTableName = _
                         "dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns"

                        ' Write from the source to the destination.
                        ' This should fail with a duplicate key error.
                        Try
                            bulkCopy.WriteToServer(reader)
                            transaction.Commit()

                        Catch ex As Exception
                            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message)
                            transaction.Rollback()

                        Finally
                            reader.Close()
                        End Try
                    End Using
                End Using
            End Using

            ' Perform a final count on the destination table
            ' to see how many rows were added.
            Dim countEnd As Long = _
                System.Convert.ToInt32(commandRowCount.ExecuteScalar())
            Console.WriteLine("Ending row count = {0}", countEnd)
            Console.WriteLine("{0} rows were added.", countEnd - countStart)
            Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to finish.")
            Console.ReadLine()
        End Using
    End Sub

    Private Function GetConnectionString() As String
        ' To avoid storing the sourceConnection string in your code, 
        ' you can retrieve it from a configuration file. 
        Return "Data Source=(local);" & _
            "Integrated Security=true;" & _
            "Initial Catalog=AdventureWorks;"
    End Function
End Module
using System.Data.SqlClient;

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        string connectionString = GetConnectionString();
        // Open a sourceConnection to the AdventureWorks database.
        using (SqlConnection sourceConnection =
                   new SqlConnection(connectionString))
        {
            sourceConnection.Open();

            //  Delete all from the destination table.         
            SqlCommand commandDelete = new SqlCommand();
            commandDelete.Connection = sourceConnection;
            commandDelete.CommandText =
                "DELETE FROM dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns";
            commandDelete.ExecuteNonQuery();

            //  Add a single row that will result in duplicate key         
            //  when all rows from source are bulk copied.         
            //  Note that this technique will only be successful in          
            //  illustrating the point if a row with ProductID = 446           
            //  exists in the AdventureWorks Production.Products table.          
            //  If you have made changes to the data in this table, change         
            //  the SQL statement in the code to add a ProductID that         
            //  does exist in your version of the Production.Products         
            //  table. Choose any ProductID in the middle of the table         
            //  (not first or last row) to best illustrate the result.         
            SqlCommand commandInsert = new SqlCommand();
            commandInsert.Connection = sourceConnection;
            commandInsert.CommandText =
                "SET IDENTITY_INSERT dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns ON;" +
                "INSERT INTO " + "dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns " +
                "([ProductID], [Name] ,[ProductNumber]) " +
                "VALUES(446, 'Lock Nut 23','LN-3416');" +
                "SET IDENTITY_INSERT dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns OFF";
            commandInsert.ExecuteNonQuery();

            // Perform an initial count on the destination table.
            SqlCommand commandRowCount = new SqlCommand(
                "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns;",
                sourceConnection);
            long countStart = System.Convert.ToInt32(
                commandRowCount.ExecuteScalar());
            Console.WriteLine("Starting row count = {0}", countStart);

            //  Get data from the source table as a SqlDataReader.         
            SqlCommand commandSourceData = new SqlCommand(
                "SELECT ProductID, Name, ProductNumber " +
                "FROM Production.Product;", sourceConnection);
            SqlDataReader reader = commandSourceData.ExecuteReader();

            //Set up the bulk copy object inside the transaction. 
            using (SqlConnection destinationConnection =
                       new SqlConnection(connectionString))
            {
                destinationConnection.Open();

                using (SqlTransaction transaction =
                           destinationConnection.BeginTransaction())
                {
                    using (SqlBulkCopy bulkCopy = new SqlBulkCopy(
                               destinationConnection, SqlBulkCopyOptions.KeepIdentity,
                               transaction))
                    {
                        bulkCopy.BatchSize = 10;
                        bulkCopy.DestinationTableName =
                            "dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns";

                        // Write from the source to the destination.
                        // This should fail with a duplicate key error.
                        try
                        {
                            bulkCopy.WriteToServer(reader);
                            transaction.Commit();
                        }
                        catch (Exception ex)
                        {
                            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                            transaction.Rollback();
                        }
                        finally
                        {
                            reader.Close();
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            // Perform a final count on the destination 
            // table to see how many rows were added.
            long countEnd = System.Convert.ToInt32(
                commandRowCount.ExecuteScalar());
            Console.WriteLine("Ending row count = {0}", countEnd);
            Console.WriteLine("{0} rows were added.", countEnd - countStart);
            Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to finish.");
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }

    private static string GetConnectionString()
        // To avoid storing the sourceConnection string in your code, 
        // you can retrieve it from a configuration file. 
    {
        return "Data Source=(local); " +
            " Integrated Security=true;" +
            "Initial Catalog=AdventureWorks;";
    }
}

请参见

其他资源

SQL Server 中的批量复制操作 (ADO.NET)