更新:2011 年 4 月
本主题介绍 Menu 控件的样式和模板。 您可以修改默认的 ControlTemplate,以便为控件提供一个独特的外观。 有关更多信息,请参见通过创建 ControlTemplate 自定义现有控件的外观。
菜单部件
Menu 控件没有任何命名部件。
在为 Menu 创建 ControlTemplate 时,模板可能在 ScrollViewer 中包含 ItemsPresenter。 (ItemsPresenter 显示 Menu 中的每一项;通过 ScrollViewer 可以在控件内滚动)。 如果 ItemsPresenter 不是 ScrollViewer 的直接子级,则您必须为 ItemsPresenter 提供名称 ItemsPresenter。
菜单状态
下表列出了 Menu 控件的可视状态。
VisualState 名称 |
VisualStateGroup 名称 |
说明 |
Valid |
ValidationStates |
该控件使用 Validation 类,Validation.HasError 附加属性为 false。 |
InvalidFocused |
ValidationStates |
当 Validation.HasError 附加属性为 true 时,控件具有焦点。 |
InvalidUnfocused |
ValidationStates |
当 Validation.HasError 附加属性为 true 时,控件没有焦点。 |
MenuItem 部件
下表列出了 MenuItem 控件的命名部件。
部件 |
类型 |
说明 |
PART_Popup |
子菜单的区域。 |
在为 MenuItem 创建 ControlTemplate 时,模板可能在 ScrollViewer 中包含 ItemsPresenter。 (ItemsPresenter 显示 MenuItem 中的每一项;通过 ScrollViewer 可以在控件内滚动)。 如果 ItemsPresenter 不是 ScrollViewer 的直接子级,则您必须为 ItemsPresenter 提供名称 ItemsPresenter。
MenuItem 状态
下表列出了 MenuItem 控件的可视状态。
VisualState 名称 |
VisualStateGroup 名称 |
说明 |
Valid |
ValidationStates |
该控件使用 Validation 类,Validation.HasError 附加属性为 false。 |
InvalidFocused |
ValidationStates |
当 Validation.HasError 附加属性为 true 时,控件具有焦点。 |
InvalidUnfocused |
ValidationStates |
当 Validation.HasError 附加属性为 true 时,控件没有焦点。 |
菜单和 MenuItem ControlTemplate 示例
下面的示例演示如何为 Menu 控件定义 ControlTemplate。
<Style x:Key="{x:Type Menu}"
TargetType="{x:Type Menu}">
<Setter Property="OverridesDefaultStyle"
Value="True" />
<Setter Property="SnapsToDevicePixels"
Value="True" />
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Menu}">
<Border BorderThickness="1">
<Border.BorderBrush>
<LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0"
EndPoint="0,1">
<LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
<GradientStopCollection>
<GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource BorderLightColor}"
Offset="0.0" />
<GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource BorderDarkColor}"
Offset="1.0" />
</GradientStopCollection>
</LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>
</Border.BorderBrush>
<Border.Background>
<LinearGradientBrush EndPoint="0.5,1"
StartPoint="0.5,0">
<GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource ControlLightColor}"
Offset="0" />
<GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource ControlMediumColor}"
Offset="1" />
</LinearGradientBrush>
</Border.Background>
<StackPanel ClipToBounds="True"
Orientation="Horizontal"
IsItemsHost="True" />
</Border>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
下面的示例演示如何为 MenuItem 控件定义 ControlTemplate。
<Style x:Key="{x:Static MenuItem.SeparatorStyleKey}"
TargetType="{x:Type Separator}">
<Setter Property="Height"
Value="1" />
<Setter Property="Margin"
Value="0,4,0,4" />
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type Separator}">
<Border BorderThickness="1">
<Border.BorderBrush>
<SolidColorBrush Color="{DynamicResource BorderMediumColor}" />
</Border.BorderBrush>
</Border>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
<!-- TopLevelHeader -->
<ControlTemplate x:Key="{x:Static MenuItem.TopLevelHeaderTemplateKey}"
TargetType="{x:Type MenuItem}">
<Border x:Name="Border">
<Grid>
<ContentPresenter Margin="6,3,6,3"
ContentSource="Header"
RecognizesAccessKey="True" />
<Popup x:Name="Popup"
Placement="Bottom"
IsOpen="{TemplateBinding IsSubmenuOpen}"
AllowsTransparency="True"
Focusable="False"
PopupAnimation="Fade">
<Border x:Name="SubmenuBorder"
SnapsToDevicePixels="True"
BorderThickness="1"
Background="{DynamicResource MenuPopupBrush}">
<Border.BorderBrush>
<SolidColorBrush Color="{DynamicResource BorderMediumColor}" />
</Border.BorderBrush>
<ScrollViewer CanContentScroll="True"
Style="{StaticResource MenuScrollViewer}">
<StackPanel IsItemsHost="True"
KeyboardNavigation.DirectionalNavigation="Cycle" />
</ScrollViewer>
</Border>
</Popup>
</Grid>
</Border>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsSuspendingPopupAnimation"
Value="true">
<Setter TargetName="Popup"
Property="PopupAnimation"
Value="None" />
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsHighlighted"
Value="true">
<Setter TargetName="Border"
Property="BorderBrush"
Value="Transparent" />
<Setter Property="Background"
TargetName="Border">
<Setter.Value>
<LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0"
EndPoint="0,1">
<LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
<GradientStopCollection>
<GradientStop Color="{StaticResource ControlLightColor}" />
<GradientStop Color="{StaticResource ControlMouseOverColor}"
Offset="1.0" />
</GradientStopCollection>
</LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Trigger>
<Trigger SourceName="Popup"
Property="AllowsTransparency"
Value="True">
<Setter TargetName="SubmenuBorder"
Property="CornerRadius"
Value="0,0,4,4" />
<Setter TargetName="SubmenuBorder"
Property="Padding"
Value="0,0,0,3" />
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsEnabled"
Value="False">
<Setter Property="Foreground">
<Setter.Value>
<SolidColorBrush Color="{StaticResource DisabledForegroundColor}" />
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
<!-- TopLevelItem -->
<ControlTemplate x:Key="{x:Static MenuItem.TopLevelItemTemplateKey}"
TargetType="{x:Type MenuItem}">
<Border x:Name="Border">
<Grid>
<ContentPresenter Margin="6,3,6,3"
ContentSource="Header"
RecognizesAccessKey="True" />
</Grid>
</Border>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsHighlighted"
Value="true">
<Setter Property="Background"
TargetName="Border">
<Setter.Value>
<LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0"
EndPoint="0,1">
<LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
<GradientStopCollection>
<GradientStop Color="{StaticResource ControlLightColor}" />
<GradientStop Color="{StaticResource ControlMouseOverColor}"
Offset="1.0" />
</GradientStopCollection>
</LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsEnabled"
Value="False">
<Setter Property="Foreground">
<Setter.Value>
<SolidColorBrush Color="{StaticResource DisabledForegroundColor}" />
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
<!-- SubmenuItem -->
<ControlTemplate x:Key="{x:Static MenuItem.SubmenuItemTemplateKey}"
TargetType="{x:Type MenuItem}">
<Border x:Name="Border"
BorderThickness="1">
<Grid>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"
SharedSizeGroup="Icon" />
<ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"
SharedSizeGroup="Shortcut" />
<ColumnDefinition Width="13" />
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ContentPresenter x:Name="Icon"
Margin="6,0,6,0"
VerticalAlignment="Center"
ContentSource="Icon" />
<Border x:Name="Check"
Width="13"
Height="13"
Visibility="Collapsed"
Margin="6,0,6,0"
BorderThickness="1">
<Border.BorderBrush>
<LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0"
EndPoint="0,1">
<LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
<GradientStopCollection>
<GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource BorderLightColor}"
Offset="0.0" />
<GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource BorderDarkColor}"
Offset="1.0" />
</GradientStopCollection>
</LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>
</Border.BorderBrush>
<Border.Background>
<LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0"
EndPoint="0,1">
<LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
<GradientStopCollection>
<GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource ControlLightColor}" />
<GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource ControlMediumColor}"
Offset="1.0" />
</GradientStopCollection>
</LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>
</Border.Background>
<Path x:Name="CheckMark"
Width="7"
Height="7"
Visibility="Hidden"
SnapsToDevicePixels="False"
StrokeThickness="2"
Data="M 0 0 L 7 7 M 0 7 L 7 0">
<Path.Stroke>
<SolidColorBrush Color="{DynamicResource GlyphColor}" />
</Path.Stroke>
</Path>
</Border>
<ContentPresenter x:Name="HeaderHost"
Grid.Column="1"
ContentSource="Header"
RecognizesAccessKey="True" />
<TextBlock x:Name="InputGestureText"
Grid.Column="2"
Text="{TemplateBinding InputGestureText}"
Margin="5,2,0,2"
DockPanel.Dock="Right" />
</Grid>
</Border>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="ButtonBase.Command"
Value="{x:Null}" />
<Trigger Property="Icon"
Value="{x:Null}">
<Setter TargetName="Icon"
Property="Visibility"
Value="Hidden" />
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsChecked"
Value="true">
<Setter TargetName="CheckMark"
Property="Visibility"
Value="Visible" />
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsCheckable"
Value="true">
<Setter TargetName="Check"
Property="Visibility"
Value="Visible" />
<Setter TargetName="Icon"
Property="Visibility"
Value="Hidden" />
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsHighlighted"
Value="true">
<Setter Property="Background"
TargetName="Border">
<Setter.Value>
<LinearGradientBrush EndPoint="0.5,1"
StartPoint="0.5,0">
<GradientStop Color="Transparent"
Offset="0" />
<GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource ControlMouseOverColor}"
Offset="1" />
</LinearGradientBrush>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
<Setter Property="BorderBrush"
TargetName="Border">
<Setter.Value>
<LinearGradientBrush EndPoint="0.5,1"
StartPoint="0.5,0">
<GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource BorderMediumColor}"
Offset="0" />
<GradientStop Color="Transparent"
Offset="1" />
</LinearGradientBrush>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsEnabled"
Value="false">
<Setter Property="Foreground">
<Setter.Value>
<SolidColorBrush Color="{StaticResource DisabledForegroundColor}" />
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
<ControlTemplate x:Key="{x:Static MenuItem.SubmenuHeaderTemplateKey}"
TargetType="{x:Type MenuItem}">
<Border x:Name="Border"
BorderThickness="1">
<Grid>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"
SharedSizeGroup="Icon" />
<ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"
SharedSizeGroup="Shortcut" />
<ColumnDefinition Width="13" />
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ContentPresenter x:Name="Icon"
Margin="6,0,6,0"
VerticalAlignment="Center"
ContentSource="Icon" />
<ContentPresenter x:Name="HeaderHost"
Grid.Column="1"
ContentSource="Header"
RecognizesAccessKey="True" />
<TextBlock x:Name="InputGestureText"
Grid.Column="2"
Text="{TemplateBinding InputGestureText}"
Margin="5,2,2,2"
DockPanel.Dock="Right" />
<Path Grid.Column="3"
HorizontalAlignment="Center"
VerticalAlignment="Center"
Data="M 0 0 L 0 7 L 4 3.5 Z">
<Path.Fill>
<SolidColorBrush Color="{DynamicResource GlyphColor}" />
</Path.Fill>
</Path>
<Popup x:Name="Popup"
Placement="Right"
HorizontalOffset="-4"
IsOpen="{TemplateBinding IsSubmenuOpen}"
AllowsTransparency="True"
Focusable="False"
PopupAnimation="Fade">
<Border x:Name="SubmenuBorder"
SnapsToDevicePixels="True"
Background="{DynamicResource MenuPopupBrush}"
BorderThickness="1">
<Border.BorderBrush>
<SolidColorBrush Color="{DynamicResource BorderMediumColor}" />
</Border.BorderBrush>
<ScrollViewer CanContentScroll="True"
Style="{StaticResource MenuScrollViewer}">
<StackPanel IsItemsHost="True"
KeyboardNavigation.DirectionalNavigation="Cycle" />
</ScrollViewer>
</Border>
</Popup>
</Grid>
</Border>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="Icon"
Value="{x:Null}">
<Setter TargetName="Icon"
Property="Visibility"
Value="Collapsed" />
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsHighlighted"
Value="true">
<Setter Property="Background"
TargetName="Border">
<Setter.Value>
<LinearGradientBrush EndPoint="0.5,1"
StartPoint="0.5,0">
<GradientStop Color="Transparent"
Offset="0" />
<GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource ControlMouseOverColor}"
Offset="1" />
</LinearGradientBrush>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
<Setter Property="BorderBrush"
TargetName="Border">
<Setter.Value>
<LinearGradientBrush EndPoint="0.5,1"
StartPoint="0.5,0">
<GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource BorderMediumColor}"
Offset="0" />
<GradientStop Color="Transparent"
Offset="1" />
</LinearGradientBrush>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Trigger>
<Trigger SourceName="Popup"
Property="AllowsTransparency"
Value="True">
<Setter TargetName="SubmenuBorder"
Property="CornerRadius"
Value="4" />
<Setter TargetName="SubmenuBorder"
Property="Padding"
Value="0,3,0,3" />
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsEnabled"
Value="false">
<Setter Property="Foreground">
<Setter.Value>
<SolidColorBrush Color="{StaticResource DisabledForegroundColor}" />
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
<!-- MenuItem Style -->
<Style x:Key="{x:Type MenuItem}"
TargetType="{x:Type MenuItem}">
<Setter Property="OverridesDefaultStyle"
Value="True" />
<Style.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="Role"
Value="TopLevelHeader">
<Setter Property="Template"
Value="{StaticResource {x:Static MenuItem.TopLevelHeaderTemplateKey}}" />
<Setter Property="Grid.IsSharedSizeScope"
Value="true" />
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="Role"
Value="TopLevelItem">
<Setter Property="Template"
Value="{StaticResource {x:Static MenuItem.TopLevelItemTemplateKey}}" />
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="Role"
Value="SubmenuHeader">
<Setter Property="Template"
Value="{StaticResource {x:Static MenuItem.SubmenuHeaderTemplateKey}}" />
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="Role"
Value="SubmenuItem">
<Setter Property="Template"
Value="{StaticResource {x:Static MenuItem.SubmenuItemTemplateKey}}" />
</Trigger>
</Style.Triggers>
</Style>
下面的示例定义在前一个示例中使用 MenuScrollViewer。
<!--ScrollViewer for a MenuItem-->
<MenuScrollingVisibilityConverter x:Key="MenuScrollingVisibilityConverter" />
<Style x:Key="MenuScrollViewer"
TargetType="{x:Type ScrollViewer}"
BasedOn="{x:Null}">
<Setter Property="HorizontalScrollBarVisibility"
Value="Hidden" />
<Setter Property="VerticalScrollBarVisibility"
Value="Auto" />
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type ScrollViewer}">
<Grid SnapsToDevicePixels="True">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
<RowDefinition Height="*" />
<RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Border Grid.Row="1"
Grid.Column="0">
<ScrollContentPresenter Margin="{TemplateBinding Padding}" />
</Border>
<RepeatButton Style="{StaticResource MenuScrollButton}"
Grid.Row="0"
Grid.Column="0"
Command="{x:Static ScrollBar.LineUpCommand}"
CommandTarget="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
Focusable="False">
<RepeatButton.Visibility>
<MultiBinding FallbackValue="Visibility.Collapsed"
Converter="{StaticResource MenuScrollingVisibilityConverter}"
ConverterParameter="0">
<Binding RelativeSource="{RelativeSource TemplatedParent}"
Path="ComputedVerticalScrollBarVisibility" />
<Binding RelativeSource="{RelativeSource TemplatedParent}"
Path="VerticalOffset" />
<Binding RelativeSource="{RelativeSource TemplatedParent}"
Path="ExtentHeight" />
<Binding RelativeSource="{RelativeSource TemplatedParent}"
Path="ViewportHeight" />
</MultiBinding>
</RepeatButton.Visibility>
<Path Fill="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.MenuTextBrushKey}}"
Data="{StaticResource UpArrow}" />
</RepeatButton>
<RepeatButton Style="{StaticResource MenuScrollButton}"
Grid.Row="2"
Grid.Column="0"
Command="{x:Static ScrollBar.LineDownCommand}"
CommandTarget="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
Focusable="False">
<RepeatButton.Visibility>
<MultiBinding FallbackValue="Visibility.Collapsed"
Converter="{StaticResource MenuScrollingVisibilityConverter}"
ConverterParameter="100">
<Binding RelativeSource="{RelativeSource TemplatedParent}"
Path="ComputedVerticalScrollBarVisibility" />
<Binding RelativeSource="{RelativeSource TemplatedParent}"
Path="VerticalOffset" />
<Binding RelativeSource="{RelativeSource TemplatedParent}"
Path="ExtentHeight" />
<Binding RelativeSource="{RelativeSource TemplatedParent}"
Path="ViewportHeight" />
</MultiBinding>
</RepeatButton.Visibility>
<Path Fill="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.MenuTextBrushKey}}"
Data="{StaticResource DownArrow}" />
</RepeatButton>
</Grid>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
ControlTemplate 示例使用下面的一个或多个资源。
<!--Control colors.-->
<Color x:Key="WindowColor">#FFE8EDF9</Color>
<Color x:Key="ContentAreaColorLight">#FFC5CBF9</Color>
<Color x:Key="ContentAreaColorDark">#FF7381F9</Color>
<Color x:Key="DisabledControlLightColor">#FFE8EDF9</Color>
<Color x:Key="DisabledControlDarkColor">#FFC5CBF9</Color>
<Color x:Key="DisabledForegroundColor">#FF888888</Color>
<Color x:Key="SelectedBackgroundColor">#FFC5CBF9</Color>
<Color x:Key="SelectedUnfocusedColor">#FFDDDDDD</Color>
<Color x:Key="ControlLightColor">White</Color>
<Color x:Key="ControlMediumColor">#FF7381F9</Color>
<Color x:Key="ControlDarkColor">#FF211AA9</Color>
<Color x:Key="ControlMouseOverColor">#FF3843C4</Color>
<Color x:Key="ControlPressedColor">#FF211AA9</Color>
<Color x:Key="GlyphColor">#FF444444</Color>
<Color x:Key="GlyphMouseOver">sc#1, 0.004391443, 0.002428215, 0.242281124</Color>
<!--Border colors-->
<Color x:Key="BorderLightColor">#FFCCCCCC</Color>
<Color x:Key="BorderMediumColor">#FF888888</Color>
<Color x:Key="BorderDarkColor">#FF444444</Color>
<Color x:Key="PressedBorderLightColor">#FF888888</Color>
<Color x:Key="PressedBorderDarkColor">#FF444444</Color>
<Color x:Key="DisabledBorderLightColor">#FFAAAAAA</Color>
<Color x:Key="DisabledBorderDarkColor">#FF888888</Color>
<Color x:Key="DefaultBorderBrushDarkColor">Black</Color>
<!--Control-specific resources.-->
<Color x:Key="HeaderTopColor">#FFC5CBF9</Color>
<Color x:Key="DatagridCurrentCellBorderColor">Black</Color>
<Color x:Key="SliderTrackDarkColor">#FFC5CBF9</Color>
<Color x:Key="NavButtonFrameColor">#FF3843C4</Color>
<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="MenuPopupBrush"
EndPoint="0.5,1"
StartPoint="0.5,0">
<GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource ControlLightColor}"
Offset="0" />
<GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource ControlMediumColor}"
Offset="0.5" />
<GradientStop Color="{DynamicResource ControlLightColor}"
Offset="1" />
</LinearGradientBrush>
<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="ProgressBarIndicatorAnimatedFill"
StartPoint="0,0"
EndPoint="1,0">
<LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
<GradientStopCollection>
<GradientStop Color="#000000FF"
Offset="0" />
<GradientStop Color="#600000FF"
Offset="0.4" />
<GradientStop Color="#600000FF"
Offset="0.6" />
<GradientStop Color="#000000FF"
Offset="1" />
</GradientStopCollection>
</LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>
有关完整示例,请参见 Styling with ControlTemplates Sample(使用 ControlTemplates 设置样式的示例)。
请参见
参考
概念
通过创建 ControlTemplate 自定义现有控件的外观
其他资源
修订记录
日期 |
修订记录 |
原因 |
---|---|---|
2011 年 4 月 |
包括了有关在 ControlTemplate 中包括 ItemsPresenter 和 ScrollViewer 的备注。 |
信息补充。 |
2010 年 12 月 |
添加了 MenuScrollViewer 的示例。 |
客户反馈 |
2010 年 8 月 |
添加了 ControlTemplate 示例。 |
信息补充。 |