基于方法的查询语法示例：筛选 (LINQ to Entities)

本主题中的示例演示如何使用 Where 和 Where…Contains 方法，利用基于方法的查询语法来查询 AdventureWorks 销售模型。 请注意，Where…Contains 不能用作已编译的查询的一部分。

这些示例中使用的 AdventureWorks 销售模型从 AdventureWorks 示例数据库中的 Contact、Address、Product、SalesOrderHeader 和 SalesOrderDetail 等表生成。

本主题中的示例使用下面的 using/Imports 语句：

Option Explicit On
Option Strict On
Imports System.Data.Objects
Imports System.Globalization

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Data.Objects;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Data.EntityClient;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Data.Common;

Where

示例

以下示例返回所有联机订单。

Using context As New AdventureWorksEntities
    Dim onlineOrders = context.SalesOrderHeaders _
        .Where(Function(order) order.OnlineOrderFlag = True) _
        .Select(Function(order) New With { _
           .SalesOrderID = order.SalesOrderID, _
           .OrderDate = order.OrderDate, _
           .SalesOrderNumber = order.SalesOrderNumber _
        })

    For Each onlineOrder In onlineOrders
        Console.WriteLine("Order ID: {0} Order date: {1:d} Order number: {2}", _
                onlineOrder.SalesOrderID, _
                onlineOrder.OrderDate, _
                onlineOrder.SalesOrderNumber)
    Next
End Using

using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    var onlineOrders = context.SalesOrderHeaders
        .Where(order => order.OnlineOrderFlag == true)
        .Select(s => new { s.SalesOrderID, s.OrderDate, s.SalesOrderNumber });

    foreach (var onlineOrder in onlineOrders)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Order ID: {0} Order date: {1:d} Order number: {2}",
            onlineOrder.SalesOrderID,
            onlineOrder.OrderDate,
            onlineOrder.SalesOrderNumber);
    }
}

示例

以下示例返回订单数量大于 2 且小于 6 的订单。

Dim orderQtyMin = 2
Dim orderQtyMax = 6
Using context As New AdventureWorksEntities
    Dim query = context.SalesOrderDetails _
        .Where(Function(order) order.OrderQty > orderQtyMin And order.OrderQty < orderQtyMax) _
        .Select(Function(order) New With { _
            .SalesOrderID = order.SalesOrderID, _
            .OrderQty = order.OrderQty _
        })

    For Each order In query
        Console.WriteLine("Order ID: {0} Order quantity: {1}", _
                order.SalesOrderID, order.OrderQty)
    Next
End Using

int orderQtyMin = 2;
int orderQtyMax = 6;
using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    var query = context.SalesOrderDetails
        .Where(order => order.OrderQty > orderQtyMin && order.OrderQty < orderQtyMax)
        .Select(s => new { s.SalesOrderID, s.OrderQty });

    foreach (var order in query)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Order ID: {0} Order quantity: {1}",
            order.SalesOrderID, order.OrderQty);
    }
}

示例

以下示例返回所有红色产品。

Dim color = "Red"
Using context As New AdventureWorksEntities
    Dim query = context.Products _
        .Where(Function(product) product.Color = color) _
        .Select(Function(product) New With { _
            .Name = product.Name, _
            .ProductNumber = product.ProductNumber, _
            .ListPrice = product.ListPrice _
        })

    For Each product In query
        Console.WriteLine("Name: {0}", product.Name)
        Console.WriteLine("Product number: {0}", product.ProductNumber)
        Console.WriteLine("List price: ${0}", product.ListPrice)
        Console.WriteLine("")
    Next
End Using

String color = "Red";
using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    var query = context.Products
        .Where(product => product.Color == color)
        .Select(p => new { p.Name, p.ProductNumber, p.ListPrice });

    foreach (var product in query)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Name: {0}", product.Name);
        Console.WriteLine("Product number: {0}", product.ProductNumber);
        Console.WriteLine("List price: ${0}", product.ListPrice);
        Console.WriteLine("");
    }
}

示例

以下示例使用 Where 方法以查找在 2003 年 12 月 1 日之后生成的订单，然后使用 order.SalesOrderDetail 导航属性以获取每个订单的详细信息。

Using context As New AdventureWorksEntities
    Dim query = context.SalesOrderHeaders _
        .Where(Function(order) order.OrderDate >= New DateTime(2003, 12, 1)) _
        .Select(Function(order) order)

    Console.WriteLine("Orders that were made after December 1, 2003:")
    For Each order In query
        Console.WriteLine("OrderID {0} Order date: {1:d} ", _
                order.SalesOrderID, order.OrderDate)
        For Each orderDetail In order.SalesOrderDetails
            Console.WriteLine("  Product ID: {0} Unit Price {1}", _
                orderDetail.ProductID, orderDetail.UnitPrice)
        Next
    Next
End Using

using (AdventureWorksEntities context = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    IQueryable<SalesOrderHeader> query = context.SalesOrderHeaders
        .Where(order => order.OrderDate >= new DateTime(2003, 12, 1));

    Console.WriteLine("Orders that were made after December 1, 2003:");
    foreach (SalesOrderHeader order in query)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("OrderID {0} Order date: {1:d} ",
            order.SalesOrderID, order.OrderDate);
        foreach (SalesOrderDetail orderDetail in order.SalesOrderDetails)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("  Product ID: {0} Unit Price {1}",
                orderDetail.ProductID, orderDetail.UnitPrice);
        }
    }
}

Where…Contains

示例

以下示例将一个数组用作 Where…Contains 子句的一部分，以查找 ProductModelID 与数组中的值匹配的所有产品。

Using AWEntities As New AdventureWorksEntities()
    Dim productModelIds As System.Nullable(Of Integer)() = {19, 26, 118}
    Dim products = AWEntities.Products. _
        Where(Function(p) productModelIds.Contains(p.ProductModelID))
    For Each product In products
        Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", product.ProductModelID, product.ProductID)
    Next
End Using

using (AdventureWorksEntities AWEntities = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    int?[] productModelIds = { 19, 26, 118 };
    var products = AWEntities.Products.
        Where(p => productModelIds.Contains(p.ProductModelID));
   
    foreach (var product in products)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", product.ProductModelID, product.ProductID);
    }
}

注意：
作为 Where…Contains 子句中谓词的一部分，您可以使用 Array、List 或实现 IEnumerable 接口的任何类型的集合。还可以在 LINQ to Entities 查询中声明和初始化集合。有关更多信息，请参见下一个示例。

示例

以下示例声明并初始化 Where…Contains 子句中的数组，以查找 ProductModelID 或 Size 与数组中的值匹配的所有产品。

Using AWEntities As New AdventureWorksEntities()
    Dim products = AWEntities.Products. _
        Where(Function(p) (New System.Nullable(Of Integer)() {19, 26, 18}). _
                           Contains(p.ProductModelID) _
              OrElse _
                          (New String() {"L", "XL"}).Contains(p.Size))

    For Each product In products
        Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}, {2}", product.ProductID, _
                                           product.ProductModelID, _
                                           product.Size)
    Next
End Using

using (AdventureWorksEntities AWEntities = new AdventureWorksEntities())
{
    var products = AWEntities.Products.
        Where(p => (new int?[] { 19, 26, 18 }).Contains(p.ProductModelID) || 
                   (new string[] { "L", "XL" }).Contains(p.Size));
          
    foreach (var product in products)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}, {2}", product.ProductID, 
                                           product.ProductModelID, 
                                           product.Size);
    }
}

另请参见

概念

LINQ to Entities 中的查询