没有凭据协商的 Windows 客户端的消息安全

以下方案显示了由 Kerberos 协议保护的 Windows Communication Foundation （WCF） 客户端和服务。

服务和客户端都位于同一域或受信任的域中。

服务

下面的代码和配置应独立运行。 执行下列操作之一：

• 使用代码（而不使用配置）创建独立服务。

• 使用提供的配置创建服务，但不定义任何终结点。

代码

以下代码创建使用消息安全性的服务终结点。 该代码禁用服务凭据协商和安全上下文令牌（SCT）的建立。

1. 使用NetworkService帐户或LocalSystem帐户来运行服务。 由于这些帐户有权访问计算机加入 Active Directory 域时建立的计算机 SPN，因此 WCF 会在服务的元数据（Web 服务描述语言或 WSDL）中自动生成服务终结点内的适当 SPN 元素。

2. 使用任意 Active Directory 域帐户运行服务。 在这种情况下，需要为该域帐户建立 SPN。 执行此作的一种方法是使用 Setspn.exe 实用工具工具。 为服务的帐户创建 SPN 后，请将 WCF 配置为通过其元数据（WSDL）将该 SPN 发布到服务的客户端。 设置公开终结点的标识可以通过两种方式完成：应用程序配置文件或代码。 以下示例以编程方式发布标识。

有关 SPN、Kerberos 协议和 Active Directory 的详细信息，请参阅 适用于 Windows 的 Kerberos 技术补充。 有关终结点标识的详细信息，请参阅 SecurityBindingElement 身份验证模式。

// Create the service host.
ServiceHost myServiceHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(Calculator));

// Create the binding.
WSHttpBinding binding = new WSHttpBinding();
binding.Security.Mode = SecurityMode.Message;
binding.Security.Message.ClientCredentialType =
     MessageCredentialType.Windows;

// Disable credential negotiation and establishment of the
// security context.
binding.Security.Message.NegotiateServiceCredential = false;
binding.Security.Message.EstablishSecurityContext = false;

// Create a URI for the endpoint address.
Uri httpUri = new Uri("http://localhost/Calculator");

// Create the EndpointAddress with the SPN for the Identity.
EndpointAddress ea = new EndpointAddress(httpUri,
    EndpointIdentity.CreateSpnIdentity("service_spn_name"));

// Get the contract from the ICalculator interface (not shown here).
// See the sample applications for an example of the ICalculator.
ContractDescription contract = ContractDescription.GetContract(
    typeof(ICalculator));

// Create a new ServiceEndpoint.
ServiceEndpoint se = new ServiceEndpoint(contract, binding, ea);

// Add the service endpoint to the service.
myServiceHost.Description.Endpoints.Add(se);

// Open the service.
myServiceHost.Open();
Console.WriteLine("Listening...");
Console.ReadLine();

// Close the service.
myServiceHost.Close();

' Create the service host.
Dim myServiceHost As New ServiceHost(GetType(ServiceModel.Calculator))

' Create the binding.
Dim binding As New WSHttpBinding()
binding.Security.Mode = SecurityMode.Message
binding.Security.Message.ClientCredentialType = _
   MessageCredentialType.Windows

' Disable credential negotiation and establishment of the
' security context.
binding.Security.Message.NegotiateServiceCredential = False
binding.Security.Message.EstablishSecurityContext = False

' Create a URI for the endpoint address.
Dim httpUri As New Uri("http://localhost/Calculator")

' Create the EndpointAddress with the SPN for the Identity.
Dim ea As New EndpointAddress(httpUri, _
EndpointIdentity.CreateSpnIdentity("service_spn_name"))

' Get the contract from the ICalculator interface (not shown here).
' See the sample applications for an example of the ICalculator.
Dim contract As ContractDescription = ContractDescription.GetContract(GetType(ICalculator))

' Create a new ServiceEndpoint.
Dim se As New ServiceEndpoint(contract, binding, ea)

' Add the service endpoint to the service.
myServiceHost.Description.Endpoints.Add(se)

' Open the service.
myServiceHost.Open()
Console.WriteLine("Listening...")
Console.ReadLine()

' Close the service.
myServiceHost.Close()

配置

以下配置可代替代码使用。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors />
    <services>
      <service behaviorConfiguration="" name="ServiceModel.Calculator">
        <endpoint address="http://localhost/Calculator"
                  binding="wsHttpBinding"
                  bindingConfiguration="KerberosBinding"
                  name="WSHttpBinding_ICalculator"
                  contract="ServiceModel.ICalculator"
                  listenUri="net.tcp://localhost/metadata" >
         <identity>
            <servicePrincipalName value="service_spn_name" />
         </identity>
        </endpoint>
      </service>
    </services>
    <bindings>
      <wsHttpBinding>
        <binding name="KerberosBinding">
          <security>
            <message negotiateServiceCredential="false"
                     establishSecurityContext="false" />
          </security>
        </binding>
      </wsHttpBinding>
    </bindings>
    <client />
  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

客户

下面的代码和配置应独立运行。 执行下列操作之一：

• 使用代码（和客户端代码）创建独立客户端。

• 创建不定义任何终结点地址的客户端。 而使用将配置名称作为自变量的客户端构造函数。 例如：

  CalculatorClient cc = new CalculatorClient("EndpointConfigurationName");
  

  Dim cc As New CalculatorClient("EndpointConfigurationName")
  

代码

以下代码配置客户端。 安全模式设置为消息，客户端凭据类型设置为 Windows。 请注意，属性NegotiateServiceCredentialEstablishSecurityContext设置为 false.

// Create the binding.
WSHttpBinding myBinding = new WSHttpBinding();
myBinding.Security.Mode = SecurityMode.Message;
myBinding.Security.Message.ClientCredentialType =
    MessageCredentialType.Windows;

// Disable credential negotiation and the establishment of
// a security context.
myBinding.Security.Message.NegotiateServiceCredential = false;
myBinding.Security.Message.EstablishSecurityContext = false;

// Create the endpoint address and set the SPN identity.
// The SPN must match the identity of the service's SPN.
// If using SvcUtil to generate a configuration file, the SPN
// will be published as the <servicePrincipalName> element under the
// <identity> element.
EndpointAddress ea = new EndpointAddress(
new Uri("http://machineName/Calculator"),
EndpointIdentity.CreateSpnIdentity("service_spn_name"));

// Create the client.
CalculatorClient cc =
    new CalculatorClient(myBinding, ea);

// Begin using the client.

try
{
    cc.Open();
    Console.WriteLine(cc.Add(200, 1111));
    Console.ReadLine();

    // Close the client.
    cc.Close();
}

' Create the binding.
Dim myBinding As New WSHttpBinding()
myBinding.Security.Mode = SecurityMode.Message
myBinding.Security.Message.ClientCredentialType = _
   MessageCredentialType.Windows

' Disable credential negotiation and the establishment of
' a security context.
myBinding.Security.Message.NegotiateServiceCredential = False
myBinding.Security.Message.EstablishSecurityContext = False

' Create the endpoint address and set the SPN identity.
' The SPN must match the identity of the service's SPN.
' If using SvcUtil to generate a configuration file, the SPN
' will be published as the <servicePrincipalName> element under the
' <identity> element.
Dim ea As New EndpointAddress(New Uri("http://machineName/calculator"), _
EndpointIdentity.CreateSpnIdentity("service_spn_name"))

' Create the client.
Dim cc As New CalculatorClient(myBinding, ea)

' Begin using the client.
Try
    cc.Open()

    Console.WriteLine(cc.Add(100, 11))
    Console.ReadLine()

    ' Close the client.
    cc.Close()
Catch tex As TimeoutException
    Console.WriteLine(tex.Message)
    cc.Abort()
Catch cex As CommunicationException
    Console.WriteLine(cex.Message)
    cc.Abort()
Finally
    Console.WriteLine("Closed the client")
    Console.ReadLine()
End Try

配置

以下代码配置客户端。 请注意，必须将 <servicePrincipalName> 元素设置为与服务的 SPN 相匹配，该 SPN 是在 Active Directory 域中为服务帐户注册的。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <bindings>
      <wsHttpBinding>
        <binding name="WSHttpBinding_ICalculator" >
          <security mode="Message">
            <message clientCredentialType="Windows"
                     negotiateServiceCredential="false"
                     establishSecurityContext="false" />
          </security>
        </binding>
      </wsHttpBinding>
    </bindings>
    <client>
      <endpoint address="http://localhost/Calculator"
                binding="wsHttpBinding"
                bindingConfiguration="WSHttpBinding_ICalculator"
                contract="ICalculator"
                name="WSHttpBinding_ICalculator">
        <identity>
          <servicePrincipalName value="service_spn_name" />
        </identity>
      </endpoint>
    </client>
  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

另请参阅

• 安全性概述
• 服务标识和身份验证
• Windows Server App Fabric 的安全模型