如何：将数据添加到剪贴板

2025-05-07

Clipboard 类提供了可用于与 Windows 操作系统剪贴板功能交互的方法。许多应用程序使用剪贴板作为数据的临时存储库。例如，字处理器在剪切和粘贴操作期间使用剪贴板。剪贴板还可用于将数据从一个应用程序传输到另一个应用程序。

将数据添加到剪贴板时，可以指示数据格式，以便其他应用程序可以使用该格式识别数据。还可以以多种不同的格式将数据添加到剪贴板，以增加可能使用该数据的其他应用程序的数量。

剪贴板格式是标识格式的字符串，以便使用该格式的应用程序可以检索关联的数据。 DataFormats 类提供预定义的格式名称供你使用。还可以使用自己的格式名称或使用对象的类型作为其格式。

若要以一种或多种格式将数据添加到剪贴板，请使用 SetDataObject 该方法。可以将任何对象传递给此方法，但若要以多种格式添加数据，必须先将数据添加到设计为处理多种格式的单独对象。通常，你会将数据添加到 DataObject，但可以使用任何实现 IDataObject 接口的类型。

若要以单一通用格式将数据添加到剪贴板，请使用适用于该格式的具体方法，例如用于文本的 SetText。

注释

所有基于 Windows 的应用程序共享剪贴板。因此，切换到另一个应用程序时，内容可能会更改。

Clipboard 类只能在设置为单线程单元 (STA) 模式的线程中使用。若要使用此类，请确保使用 Main 特性标记 STAThreadAttribute 方法。

对象必须可序列化，才能将其放在剪贴板上。若要使类型可序列化，请使用 SerializableAttribute 属性对其进行标记。如果将不可序列化的对象传递给剪贴板方法，该方法将失败，而不会引发异常。有关序列化的详细信息，请参阅 System.Runtime.Serialization。

以单个通用格式将数据添加到剪贴板

使用 SetAudio、SetFileDropList、SetImage或 SetText 方法。

// Demonstrates SetAudio, ContainsAudio, and GetAudioStream.
public System.IO.Stream SwapClipboardAudio(
    System.IO.Stream replacementAudioStream)
{
    System.IO.Stream returnAudioStream = null;
    if (Clipboard.ContainsAudio())
    {
        returnAudioStream = Clipboard.GetAudioStream();
        Clipboard.SetAudio(replacementAudioStream);
    }
    return returnAudioStream;
}

// Demonstrates SetFileDropList, ContainsFileDroList, and GetFileDropList
public System.Collections.Specialized.StringCollection
    SwapClipboardFileDropList(
    System.Collections.Specialized.StringCollection replacementList)
{
    System.Collections.Specialized.StringCollection returnList = null;
    if (Clipboard.ContainsFileDropList())
    {
        returnList = Clipboard.GetFileDropList();
        Clipboard.SetFileDropList(replacementList);
    }
    return returnList;
}

// Demonstrates SetImage, ContainsImage, and GetImage.
public System.Drawing.Image SwapClipboardImage(
    System.Drawing.Image replacementImage)
{
    System.Drawing.Image returnImage = null;
    if (Clipboard.ContainsImage())
    {
        returnImage = Clipboard.GetImage();
        Clipboard.SetImage(replacementImage);
    }
    return returnImage;
}

// Demonstrates SetText, ContainsText, and GetText.
public String SwapClipboardHtmlText(String replacementHtmlText)
{
    String returnHtmlText = null;
    if (Clipboard.ContainsText(TextDataFormat.Html))
    {
        returnHtmlText = Clipboard.GetText(TextDataFormat.Html);
        Clipboard.SetText(replacementHtmlText, TextDataFormat.Html);
    }
    return returnHtmlText;
}

' Demonstrates SetAudio, ContainsAudio, and GetAudioStream.
Public Function SwapClipboardAudio( _
    ByVal replacementAudioStream As System.IO.Stream) _
    As System.IO.Stream

    Dim returnAudioStream As System.IO.Stream = Nothing

    If (Clipboard.ContainsAudio()) Then
        returnAudioStream = Clipboard.GetAudioStream()
        Clipboard.SetAudio(replacementAudioStream)
    End If

    Return returnAudioStream

End Function

' Demonstrates SetFileDropList, ContainsFileDroList, and GetFileDropList
Public Function SwapClipboardFileDropList(ByVal replacementList _
    As System.Collections.Specialized.StringCollection) _
    As System.Collections.Specialized.StringCollection

    Dim returnList As System.Collections.Specialized.StringCollection _
        = Nothing

    If Clipboard.ContainsFileDropList() Then

        returnList = Clipboard.GetFileDropList()
        Clipboard.SetFileDropList(replacementList)
    End If

    Return returnList

End Function

' Demonstrates SetImage, ContainsImage, and GetImage.
Public Function SwapClipboardImage( _
    ByVal replacementImage As System.Drawing.Image) _
    As System.Drawing.Image

    Dim returnImage As System.Drawing.Image = Nothing

    If Clipboard.ContainsImage() Then
        returnImage = Clipboard.GetImage()
        Clipboard.SetImage(replacementImage)
    End If

    Return returnImage
End Function

' Demonstrates SetText, ContainsText, and GetText.
Public Function SwapClipboardHtmlText( _
    ByVal replacementHtmlText As String) As String

    Dim returnHtmlText As String = Nothing

    If (Clipboard.ContainsText(TextDataFormat.Html)) Then
        returnHtmlText = Clipboard.GetText(TextDataFormat.Html)
        Clipboard.SetText(replacementHtmlText, TextDataFormat.Html)
    End If

    Return returnHtmlText

End Function

以自定义格式将数据添加到剪贴板

以自定义格式名称使用 SetData 方法。

还可以将预定义的格式名称与 SetData 方法一起使用。有关详细信息，请参阅 DataFormats。

// Demonstrates SetData, ContainsData, and GetData
// using a custom format name and a business object.
public Customer TestCustomFormat
{
    get
    {
        Clipboard.SetData("CustomerFormat", new Customer("Customer Name"));
        if (Clipboard.ContainsData("CustomerFormat"))
        {
            return Clipboard.GetData("CustomerFormat") as Customer;
        }
        return null;
    }
}

' Demonstrates SetData, ContainsData, and GetData
' using a custom format name and a business object.
Public ReadOnly Property TestCustomFormat() As Customer
    Get
        Clipboard.SetData("CustomerFormat", New Customer("Customer Name"))

        If Clipboard.ContainsData("CustomerFormat") Then
            Return CType(Clipboard.GetData("CustomerFormat"), Customer)
        End If

        Return Nothing
    End Get
End Property

[Serializable]
public class Customer
{
    private string nameValue = string.Empty;
    public Customer(String name)
    {
        nameValue = name;
    }
    public string Name
    {
        get { return nameValue; }
        set { nameValue = value; }
    }
}

<Serializable()> Public Class Customer

    Private nameValue As String = String.Empty

    Public Sub New(ByVal name As String)
        nameValue = name
    End Sub

    Public Property Name() As String
        Get
            Return nameValue
        End Get
        Set(ByVal value As String)
            nameValue = value
        End Set
    End Property

End Class

以多种格式将数据添加到剪贴板

使用 Clipboard.SetDataObject 方法，并传入包含数据的 DataObject。

// Demonstrates how to use a DataObject to add
// data to the Clipboard in multiple formats.
public void TestClipboardMultipleFormats()
{
    DataObject data = new DataObject();

    // Add a Customer object using the type as the format.
    data.SetData(new Customer("Customer as Customer object"));

    // Add a ListViewItem object using a custom format name.
    data.SetData("CustomFormat",
        new ListViewItem("Customer as ListViewItem"));

    Clipboard.SetDataObject(data);
    DataObject retrievedData = (DataObject)Clipboard.GetDataObject();

    if (retrievedData.GetDataPresent("CustomFormat"))
    {
        ListViewItem item =
            retrievedData.GetData("CustomFormat") as ListViewItem;
        if (item != null)
        {
            MessageBox.Show(item.Text);
        }
    }

    if (retrievedData.GetDataPresent(typeof(Customer)))
    {
        Customer customer =
            retrievedData.GetData(typeof(Customer)) as Customer;
        if (customer != null)
        {
            MessageBox.Show(customer.Name);
        }
    }
}

' Demonstrates how to use a DataObject to add
' data to the Clipboard in multiple formats.
Public Sub TestClipboardMultipleFormats()

    Dim data As New DataObject()

    ' Add a Customer object using the type as the format.
    data.SetData(New Customer("Customer as Customer object"))

    ' Add a ListViewItem object using a custom format name.
    data.SetData("CustomFormat", _
        New ListViewItem("Customer as ListViewItem"))

    Clipboard.SetDataObject(data)
    Dim retrievedData As DataObject = _
        CType(Clipboard.GetDataObject(), DataObject)

    If (retrievedData.GetDataPresent("CustomFormat")) Then

        Dim item As ListViewItem = _
            TryCast(retrievedData.GetData("CustomFormat"), ListViewItem)

        If item IsNot Nothing Then
            MessageBox.Show(item.Text)
        End If

    End If

    If retrievedData.GetDataPresent(GetType(Customer)) Then

        Dim customer As Customer = _
            CType(retrievedData.GetData(GetType(Customer)), Customer)

        If customer IsNot Nothing Then

            MessageBox.Show(customer.Name)
        End If

    End If

End Sub

[Serializable]
public class Customer
{
    private string nameValue = string.Empty;
    public Customer(String name)
    {
        nameValue = name;
    }
    public string Name
    {
        get { return nameValue; }
        set { nameValue = value; }
    }
}

<Serializable()> Public Class Customer

    Private nameValue As String = String.Empty

    Public Sub New(ByVal name As String)
        nameValue = name
    End Sub

    Public Property Name() As String
        Get
            Return nameValue
        End Get
        Set(ByVal value As String)
            nameValue = value
        End Set
    End Property

End Class

通过

如何：将数据添加到剪贴板

以单个通用格式将数据添加到剪贴板

以自定义格式将数据添加到剪贴板

以多种格式将数据添加到剪贴板

另请参阅

其他资源