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如何显式实现两个接口的成员（C# 编程指南）

显式 接口 实现还允许程序员实现两个具有相同成员名称的接口，并为每个接口成员提供单独的实现。 本示例以指标单位和英语单位显示框的尺寸。 Box 类 实现两个接口 IEnglishDimensions 和 IMetricDimensions，这些接口表示不同的度量系统。 这两个接口具有相同的成员名称，长度和宽度。

示例

// Declare the English units interface:
interface IEnglishDimensions
{
    float Length();
    float Width();
}

// Declare the metric units interface:
interface IMetricDimensions
{
    float Length();
    float Width();
}

// Declare the Box class that implements the two interfaces:
// IEnglishDimensions and IMetricDimensions:
class Box : IEnglishDimensions, IMetricDimensions
{
    float _lengthInches;
    float _widthInches;

    public Box(float lengthInches, float widthInches)
    {
        _lengthInches = lengthInches;
        _widthInches = widthInches;
    }

    // Explicitly implement the members of IEnglishDimensions:
    float IEnglishDimensions.Length() => _lengthInches;

    float IEnglishDimensions.Width() => _widthInches;

    // Explicitly implement the members of IMetricDimensions:
    float IMetricDimensions.Length() => _lengthInches * 2.54f;

    float IMetricDimensions.Width() => _widthInches * 2.54f;

    static void Main()
    {
        // Declare a class instance box1:
        Box box1 = new(30.0f, 20.0f);

        // Declare an instance of the English units interface:
        IEnglishDimensions eDimensions = box1;

        // Declare an instance of the metric units interface:
        IMetricDimensions mDimensions = box1;

        // Print dimensions in English units:
        Console.WriteLine($"Length(in): {eDimensions.Length()}");
        Console.WriteLine($"Width (in): {eDimensions.Width()}");

        // Print dimensions in metric units:
        Console.WriteLine($"Length(cm): {mDimensions.Length()}");
        Console.WriteLine($"Width (cm): {mDimensions.Width()}");
    }
}
/* Output:
    Length(in): 30
    Width (in): 20
    Length(cm): 76.2
    Width (cm): 50.8
*/

可靠的编程

如果您想使用英语单位作为默认计量单位，请正常实现 Length 和 Width 方法，并明确实现 IMetricDimensions 接口中的 Length 和 Width 方法。

// Normal implementation:
public float Length() => _lengthInches;
public float Width() => _widthInches;

// Explicit implementation:
float IMetricDimensions.Length() => _lengthInches * 2.54f;
float IMetricDimensions.Width() => _widthInches * 2.54f;

在这种情况下，可以从类实例访问英语单元，并从接口实例访问指标单位：

public static void Test()
{
    Box box1 = new(30.0f, 20.0f);
    IMetricDimensions mDimensions = box1;

    Console.WriteLine($"Length(in): {box1.Length()}");
    Console.WriteLine($"Width (in): {box1.Width()}");
    Console.WriteLine($"Length(cm): {mDimensions.Length()}");
    Console.WriteLine($"Width (cm): {mDimensions.Width()}");
}

另请参阅