适用于：
Databricks SQL Databricks Runtime
更改与视图关联的元数据。 它可以更改视图的定义、对视图重命名，还可通过设置 TBLPROPERTIES 来设置和取消设置视图的元数据。
若要对视图或其列添加或更改批注，请使用 COMMENT ON。
如果已缓存视图，则该命令将清除该视图及其引用的所有依赖项的缓存数据。 下一次访问视图时，视图的缓存将被延迟填充。 此命令将视图的依赖项保留为未缓存。
语法
ALTER VIEW view_name
{ rename |
SET TBLPROPERTIES clause |
UNSET TBLPROPERTIES clause |
alter_body |
schema_binding |
owner_to |
SET TAGS clause |
UNSET TAGS clause }
rename
RENAME TO to_view_name
alter_body
AS { query | yaml_definition }
yaml_definition
$$
yaml_string
$$
schema_binding
WITH SCHEMA { BINDING | [ TYPE ] EVOLUTION | COMPENSATION }
property_key
{ idenitifier [. ...] | string_literal }
owner_to
[ SET ] OWNER TO principal
参数
-
标识要更改的视图。 如果找不到视图，Azure Databricks 会引发 TABLE_OR_VIEW_NOT_FOUND 错误。
重命名为 to_view_name
将现有视图重命名为
to_view_name.对于 Unity 目录视图，必须
to_view_name位于同view_name一目录中。 对于其他视图，to_view_name必须位于与view_name相同的架构中。如果
to_view_name不符合条件，则使用当前架构隐式限定。无法重命名具体化视图。
设置或重置一个或多个用户定义的属性。
-
移除一个或多个用户定义的属性。
AS 查询
从基表或其他视图中构造视图的查询。
AS query不支持指标视图。此子句等效于现有视图上的 CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW 语句，但保留对视图授予的权限。
AS yaml_definition
适用于：
Databricks SQL， Databricks Runtime 16.4 及以上版本，用于指标视图的 YAML 定义。
此子句等效于现有视图上的 CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW 语句，但保留对视图授予的权限。
-
适用于：
Databricks SQL Databricks Runtime 15.3 及更高版本指定视图的后续查询如何适应由于基础对象定义的更改而导致的视图架构的更改。 请参阅 CREATE VIEW……WITH SCHEMA，了解有关架构绑定模式的详细信息。
此子句不适用于指标视图。
[ SET ] OWNER TO 主体
将视图的所有权转移给
principal。 除非在hive_metastore中定义了视图，否则只能将所有权转移给你所属的组。适用于：
Databricks SQL Databricks Runtime 11.3 LTS 及更高版本允许使用
SET作为可选关键字。SET TAGS （ { tag_name = tag_value } [， ...] ）
将标记应用于视图。 你需要具有
APPLY TAG权限才能向视图添加标记。适用于：
Databricks SQL Databricks Runtime 13.3 LTS 及更高版本取消设置标记 ( tag_name [, …] )
从表中删除标记。 你需要具有
APPLY TAG权限才能从视图中删除标记。适用于：
Databricks SQL Databricks Runtime 13.3 LTS 及更高版本tag_name
文本
STRING。tag_name在视图中必须唯一。tag_value
文本
STRING。
示例
-- Rename only changes the view name.
-- The source and target schemas of the view have to be the same.
-- Use qualified or unqualified name for the source and target view.
> ALTER VIEW tempsc1.v1 RENAME TO tempsc1.v2;
-- Verify that the new view is created.
> DESCRIBE TABLE EXTENDED tempsc1.v2;
c1 int NULL
c2 string NULL
# Detailed Table Information
Database tempsc1
Table v2
-- Before ALTER VIEW SET TBLPROPERTIES
> DESCRIBE TABLE EXTENDED tempsc1.v2;
c1 int null
c2 string null
# Detailed Table Information
Database tempsc1
Table v2
Table Properties [....]
-- Set properties in TBLPROPERTIES
> ALTER VIEW tempsc1.v2 SET TBLPROPERTIES ('created.by.user' = "John", 'created.date' = '01-01-2001' );
-- Use `DESCRIBE TABLE EXTENDED tempsc1.v2` to verify
> DESCRIBE TABLE EXTENDED tempsc1.v2;
c1 int NULL
c2 string NULL
# Detailed Table Information
Database tempsc1
Table v2
Table Properties [created.by.user=John, created.date=01-01-2001, ....]
-- Remove the key created.by.user and created.date from `TBLPROPERTIES`
> ALTER VIEW tempsc1.v2 UNSET TBLPROPERTIES (`created`.`by`.`user`, created.date);
-- Use `DESCRIBE TABLE EXTENDED tempsc1.v2` to verify the changes
> DESCRIBE TABLE EXTENDED tempsc1.v2;
c1 int NULL
c2 string NULL
# Detailed Table Information
Database tempsc1
Table v2
Table Properties [....]
-- Change the view definition
> ALTER VIEW tempsc1.v2 AS SELECT * FROM tempsc1.v1;
-- Use `DESCRIBE TABLE EXTENDED` to verify
> DESCRIBE TABLE EXTENDED tempsc1.v2;
c1 int NULL
c2 string NULL
# Detailed Table Information
Database tempsc1
Table v2
Type VIEW
View Text select * from tempsc1.v1
View Original Text select * from tempsc1.v1
-- Transfer ownership of a view to another user
> ALTER VIEW v1 OWNER TO `alf@melmak.et`
-- Change the view schema binding to adopt type evolution
> ALTER VIEW v1 WITH SCHEMA TYPE EVOLUTION;
-- Applies three tags to the view named `test`.
> ALTER VIEW test SET TAGS ('tag1' = 'val1', 'tag2' = 'val2', 'tag3' = 'val3');
-- Removes three tags from the view named `test`.
> ALTER VIEW test UNSET TAGS ('tag1', 'tag2', 'tag3');
-- Alter a the metric view `region_sales_metrics` defined in CREATE VIEW to drop the `total_revenue_for_open_orders` measure.
> ALTER VIEW region_sales_metrics
AS $$
version: 0.1
source: samples.tpch.orders
filter: o_orderdate > '1990-01-01'
dimensions:
- name: month
expr: date_trunc('MONTH', o_orderdate)
- name: status
expr: case
when o_orderstatus = 'O' then 'Open'
when o_orderstatus = 'P' then 'Processing'
when o_orderstatus = 'F' then 'Fulfilled'
end
- name: order_priority
expr: split(o_orderpriority, '-')[1]
measures:
- name: count_orders
expr: count(1)
- name: total_revenue
expr: SUM(o_totalprice)
- name: total_revenue_per_customer
expr: SUM(o_totalprice) / count(distinct o_custkey)
$$;
> DESCRIBE EXTENDED region_sales_metrics;
col_name data_type
month timestamp
status string
prder_priority string
count_orders bigint measure
total_revenue decimal(28,2) measure
total_revenue_per_customer decimal(38,12) measure
# Detailed Table Information
Catalog main
Database default
Table region_sales_metrics
Owner alf@melmak.et
Created Time Sun May 18 23:45:25 UTC 2025
Last Access UNKNOWN
Created By Spark
Type METRIC_VIEW
Comment A metric view for regional sales metrics.
View Text "
version: 0.1
source: samples.tpch.orders
filter: o_orderdate > '1990-01-01'
dimensions:
- name: month
expr: date_trunc('MONTH', o_orderdate)
- name: status
expr: case
when o_orderstatus = 'O' then 'Open'
when o_orderstatus = 'P' then 'Processing'
when o_orderstatus = 'F' then 'Fulfilled'
end
- name: prder_priority
expr: split(o_orderpriority, '-')[1]
measures:
- name: count_orders
expr: count(1)
- name: total_revenue
expr: SUM(o_totalprice)
- name: total_revenue_per_customer
expr: SUM(o_totalprice) / count(distinct o_custkey)
"
Language YAML
Table Properties [metric_view.from.name=samples.tpch.orders, metric_view.from.type=ASSET, metric_view.where=o_orderdate > '1990-01-01']