자습서: Angular SPA를 사용하여 사용자 데이터 추출

Microsoft Graph API와 상호 작용하도록 Angular 애플리케이션을 구성하려면 다음 단계를 완료합니다.

1. src/app/profile/profile.component.ts 파일을 열고 내용을 다음 코드 조각으로 바꿉니다.

   // Required for Angular
   import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
   
   // Required for the HTTP GET request to Graph
   import { HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';
   
   type ProfileType = {
     businessPhones?: string,
     displayName?: string,
     givenName?: string,
     jobTitle?: string,
     mail?: string,
     mobilePhone?: string,
     officeLocation?: string,
     preferredLanguage?: string,
     surname?: string,
     userPrincipalName?: string,
     id?: string
   }
   
   @Component({
     selector: 'app-profile',
     templateUrl: './profile.component.html'
   })
   export class ProfileComponent implements OnInit {
     profile!: ProfileType;
     tokenExpiration!: string;
   
     constructor(
       private http: HttpClient
     ) { }
   
     // When the page loads, perform an HTTP GET request from the Graph /me endpoint
     ngOnInit() {
       this.http.get('https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me')
         .subscribe(profile => {
           this.profile = profile;
         });
   
       this.tokenExpiration = localStorage.getItem('tokenExpiration')!;
     }
   }
   

   Angular의 ProfileComponent Microsoft Graph의 /me 엔드포인트에서 사용자 프로필 데이터를 가져옵니다. ProfileType 및 displayName같은 속성을 구조화하기 위한 mail 정의합니다. ngOnInit에서 HttpClient을 사용하여 GET 요청을 보내고 응답을 profile에 할당합니다. 또한 localStoragetokenExpiration 토큰 만료 시간을 검색하고 저장합니다.

2. src/app/profile/profile.component.html 파일을 열고 내용을 다음 코드 조각으로 바꿉니다.

   <div class="profile">
       <p><strong>Business Phones:</strong> {{profile?.businessPhones}}</p>
       <p><strong>Display Name:</strong> {{profile?.displayName}}</p>
       <p><strong>Given Name:</strong> {{profile?.givenName}}</p>
       <p><strong>Job Title:</strong> {{profile?.jobTitle}}</p>
       <p><strong>Mail:</strong> {{profile?.mail}}</p>
       <p><strong>Mobile Phone:</strong> {{profile?.mobilePhone}}</p>
       <p><strong>Office Location:</strong> {{profile?.officeLocation}}</p>
       <p><strong>Preferred Language:</strong> {{profile?.preferredLanguage}}</p>
       <p><strong>Surname:</strong> {{profile?.surname}}</p>
       <p><strong>User Principal Name:</strong> {{profile?.userPrincipalName}}</p>
       <p><strong>Profile Id:</strong> {{profile?.id}}</p>
       <br><br>
       <p><strong>Token Expiration:</strong> {{tokenExpiration}}</p>
       <br><br>
       <p>Refreshing this page will continue to use the cached access token until it nears expiration, at which point a new access token will be requested.</p>
   </div>
   

   이 코드는 Angular의 보간 구문을 사용하여 profile 개체(예: businessPhones, displayName, jobTitle)의 속성을 바인딩하는 사용자 프로필 정보를 표시하는 HTML 템플릿을 정의합니다. 또한 tokenExpiration 값을 표시하고 페이지를 새로 고치면 만료가 가까워질 때까지 캐시된 액세스 토큰이 사용되며 그 후에 새 토큰이 요청된다는 메모가 포함되어 있습니다.

로그인 시 ID 토큰에 클레임을 표시하도록 Angular 앱을 구성합니다.

1. src/app/ 폴더에 claim-utils.ts 파일을 만들고 다음 코드 조각을 붙여넣습니다.

   /**
    * Populate claims table with appropriate description
    * @param {Record} claims ID token claims
    * @returns claimsTable
    */
   export const createClaimsTable = (claims: Record<string, string>): any[] => {
     const claimsTable: any[] = [];
   
     Object.keys(claims).map((key) => {
       switch (key) {
         case 'aud':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             "Identifies the intended recipient of the token. In ID tokens, the audience is your app's Application ID, assigned to your app in the Azure portal.",
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'iss':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'Identifies the issuer, or authorization server that constructs and returns the token. It also identifies the Azure AD tenant for which the user was authenticated. If the token was issued by the v2.0 endpoint, the URI will end in /v2.0.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'iat':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             changeDateFormat(+claims[key]),
             '"Issued At" indicates the timestamp (UNIX timestamp) when the authentication for this user occurred.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'nbf':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             changeDateFormat(+claims[key]),
             'The nbf (not before) claim dictates the time (as UNIX timestamp) before which the JWT must not be accepted for processing.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'exp':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             changeDateFormat(+claims[key]),
             "The exp (expiration time) claim dictates the expiration time (as UNIX timestamp) on or after which the JWT must not be accepted for processing. It's important to note that in certain circumstances, a resource may reject the token before this time. For example, if a change in authentication is required or a token revocation has been detected.",
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'name':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             "The name claim provides a human-readable value that identifies the subject of the token. The value isn't guaranteed to be unique, it can be changed, and it's designed to be used only for display purposes. The 'profile' scope is required to receive this claim.",
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'preferred_username':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'The primary username that represents the user. It could be an email address, phone number, or a generic username without a specified format. Its value is mutable and might change over time. Since it is mutable, this value must not be used to make authorization decisions. It can be used for username hints, however, and in human-readable UI as a username. The profile scope is required in order to receive this claim.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'nonce':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'The nonce matches the parameter included in the original /authorize request to the IDP.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'oid':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'The oid (user object id) is the only claim that should be used to uniquely identify a user in an Azure AD tenant.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'tid':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'The id of the tenant where this application resides. You can use this claim to ensure that only users from the current Azure AD tenant can access this app.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'upn':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'upn (user principal name) might be unique amongst the active set of users in a tenant but tend to get reassigned to new employees as employees leave the organization and others take their place or might change to reflect a personal change like marriage.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'email':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'Email might be unique amongst the active set of users in a tenant but tend to get reassigned to new employees as employees leave the organization and others take their place.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'acct':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'Available as an optional claim, it lets you know what the type of user (homed, guest) is. For example, for an individuals access to their data you might not care for this claim, but you would use this along with tenant id (tid) to control access to say a company-wide dashboard to just employees (homed users) and not contractors (guest users).',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'sid':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'Session ID, used for per-session user sign-out.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'sub':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'The sub claim is a pairwise identifier - it is unique to a particular application ID. If a single user signs into two different apps using two different client IDs, those apps will receive two different values for the subject claim.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'ver':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'Version of the token issued by the Microsoft identity platform',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'login_hint':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'An opaque, reliable login hint claim. This claim is the best value to use for the login_hint OAuth parameter in all flows to get SSO.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'idtyp':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'Value is app when the token is an app-only token. This is the most accurate way for an API to determine if a token is an app token or an app+user token',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'uti':
         case 'rh':
           break;
         default:
           populateClaim(key, claims[key], '', claimsTable);
       }
     });
   
     return claimsTable;
   };
   
   /**
    * Populates claim, description, and value into an claimsObject
    * @param {String} claim
    * @param {String} value
    * @param {String} description
    * @param {Array} claimsObject
    */
   const populateClaim = (
     claim: string,
     value: string,
     description: string,
     claimsTable: any[]
   ): void => {
     claimsTable.push({
       claim: claim,
       value: value,
       description: description,
     });
   };
   
   /**
    * Transforms Unix timestamp to date and returns a string value of that date
    * @param {number} date Unix timestamp
    * @returns
    */
   const changeDateFormat = (date: number) => {
     let dateObj = new Date(date * 1000);
     return `${date} - [${dateObj.toString()}]`;
   };
   

2. src/index.html 열고 코드를 다음 코드 조각으로 바꿉다.

   <!doctype html>
   <html lang="en">
   <head>
     <meta charset="utf-8">
     <title>Microsoft identity platform</title>
     <base href="/">
     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
     <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="favicon.svg">
     <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com">
     <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto:wght@300;400;500&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
     <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/icon?family=Material+Icons" rel="stylesheet">
   </head>
   <body class="mat-typography">
     <app-root></app-root>
     <app-redirect></app-redirect>
   </body>
   </html>
   

3. src/app/guarded/guarded.component.ts 열고 기존 코드를 다음 코드로 바꿉니다.

   import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
   
   @Component({
     selector: 'app-guarded',
     templateUrl: './guarded.component.html',
     styleUrls: ['./guarded.component.css']
   })
   export class GuardedComponent implements OnInit {
   
     constructor() { }
   
     ngOnInit(): void {
     }
   
   }
   

애플리케이션을 테스트하려면 다음 단계를 완료합니다.

1. 터미널에서 다음 명령을 실행하여 Angular 애플리케이션을 실행합니다.

   ng serve --open
   

2. 로그인 단추를 선택하여 Microsoft Entra 테넌트로 인증합니다.

3. 로그인한 후 프로필 보기 링크를 선택하여 프로필 페이지로 이동합니다. 사용자 이름, 전자 메일, 직함 및 기타 세부 정보를 포함하여 사용자 프로필 정보가 표시되는지 확인합니다.

   

4. 로그아웃 단추를 선택하여 애플리케이션에서 로그아웃합니다.

1. 애플리케이션 폴더의 명령줄 프롬프트에서 다음 명령을 실행하여 웹 서버를 시작합니다.

   npm install
   npm start
   

2. 브라우저에서 http://localhost:4200 입력하여 애플리케이션을 엽니다.

   

3. 화면의 오른쪽 위 모서리에서 로그인 단추를 선택합니다.

4. 로그인하면 페이지에 프로필 정보가 표시됩니다.

   을 표시합니다.

5. 화면의 오른쪽 위 모서리에서 로그아웃 단추를 선택하여 로그아웃합니다.