StackTrace クラス

2008-03-28

スタックトレースを表します。スタックトレースは、順番に並べられた 1 つまたは複数のスタックフレームのコレクションです。

この型のすべてのメンバの一覧については、StackTrace メンバを参照してください。

System.Object
System.Diagnostics.StackTrace

<Serializable>
Public Class StackTrace
[C#]
[Serializable]
public class StackTrace
[C++]
[Serializable]
public __gc class StackTrace
[JScript]
public
   Serializable
class StackTrace

スレッドセーフ

この型の public static (Visual Basicでは Shared) のすべてのメンバは、マルチスレッド操作で安全に使用できます。インスタンスのメンバの場合は、スレッドセーフであるとは限りません。

解説

StackTrace 情報は、デバッグビルド構成と共に使用すると最も有益な情報となります。既定では、デバッグビルドにはデバッグシンボルが含まれ、リリースビルドには含まれません。デバッグシンボルには、 StackFrame オブジェクトおよび StackTrace オブジェクトを構築するために使用されるファイル、メソッド名、行番号、および列情報のほとんどが含まれます。 StackTrace では、最適化処理中に実行されたコード変換が原因で、予期したほど多くのメソッド呼び出しが報告されない場合があります。

使用例

[Visual Basic, C#, C++] 単純な StackTrace を作成し、そのフレームを反復処理してデバッグ情報と診断情報を取得する方法を次のコンソールアプリケーションで示します。

 
Imports System
Imports System.Diagnostics

Class StackTraceSample
   
    <STAThread()>  _
    Public Shared Sub Main()

        Dim sample As New StackTraceSample()
        Try
   
            sample.MyPublicMethod()
        Catch
            ' Create a StackTrace that captures
            ' filename, line number, and column
            ' information for the current thread.
            Dim st As New StackTrace(True)
            Dim i As Integer

            For i = 0 To st.FrameCount - 1

                ' Note that high up the call stack, there is only
                ' one stack frame.
                Dim sf As StackFrame = st.GetFrame(i)
                Console.WriteLine()
                Console.WriteLine("High up the call stack, Method: {0}", _
                    sf.GetMethod())
            
                Console.WriteLine("High up the call stack, Line Number: {0}", _
                    sf.GetFileLineNumber())
            Next i
        End Try
    End Sub
   
   Public Sub MyPublicMethod()
      MyProtectedMethod()
   End Sub
    
   Protected Sub MyProtectedMethod()
      Dim mic As New MyInternalClass()
      mic.ThrowsException()
   End Sub
   
   
   Class MyInternalClass
      
      Public Sub ThrowsException()
         Try
            Throw New Exception("A problem was encountered.")
         Catch e As Exception

            ' Create a StackTrace that captures filename,
            ' line number and column information.
            Dim st As New StackTrace(True)

            Dim stackIndent As String = ""
            Dim i As Integer
            For i = 0 To st.FrameCount - 1
               ' Note that at this level, there are four
               ' stack frames, one for each method invocation.
               Dim sf As StackFrame = st.GetFrame(i)
               Console.WriteLine()
               Console.WriteLine(stackIndent + " Method: {0}", _
                   sf.GetMethod())
               Console.WriteLine(stackIndent + " File: {0}", _
                   sf.GetFileName())
               Console.WriteLine(stackIndent + " Line Number: {0}", _
                   sf.GetFileLineNumber())
               stackIndent += "  "
            Next i
            Throw e
         End Try
      End Sub
   End Class
End Class


' This console application produces the following output when
' compiled with the Debug configuration.
'   
'    Method: Void ThrowsException()
'    File: c:\pp\samples\stacktraceframe\myclass.vb
'    Line Number: 55
' 
'      Method: Void MyProtectedMethod()
'      File: c:\pp\samples\stacktraceframe\myclass.vb
'      Line Number: 42
' 
'        Method: Void MyPublicMethod()
'        File: c:\pp\samples\stacktraceframe\myclass.vb
'        Line Number: 37
' 
'          Method: Void Main(System.String[])
'          File: c:\pp\samples\stacktraceframe\myclass.vb
'          Line Number: 13
' 
'   High up the call stack, Method: Void Main(System.String[])
'   High up the call stack, Line Number: 18
' 
' 
' This console application produces the following output when
' compiled with the Release configuration.
' 
'    Method: Void ThrowsException()
'    File:
'    Line Number: 0
' 
'      Method: Void Main(System.String[])
'      File:
'      Line Number: 0
' 
'   High up the call stack, Method: Void Main()
'   High up the call stack, Line Number: 0
'

[C#] 
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;

class StackTraceSample
{
    [STAThread]
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        StackTraceSample sample = new StackTraceSample();
        try
        {
            sample.MyPublicMethod();
        }
        catch (Exception)
        {
            // Create a StackTrace that captures
            // filename, line number, and column
            // information for the current thread.
            StackTrace st = new StackTrace(true);
            for(int i =0; i< st.FrameCount; i++ )
            {
                // Note that high up the call stack, there is only
                // one stack frame.
                StackFrame sf = st.GetFrame(i);
                Console.WriteLine();
                Console.WriteLine("High up the call stack, Method: {0}",
                    sf.GetMethod());

                Console.WriteLine("High up the call stack, Line Number: {0}",
                    sf.GetFileLineNumber());
            }
        }
    }

    public void MyPublicMethod () 
    { 
        MyProtectedMethod(); 
    }

    protected void MyProtectedMethod ()
    {
        MyInternalClass mic = new MyInternalClass();
        mic.ThrowsException();
    }

    class MyInternalClass
    {
        public void ThrowsException()
        {
            try
            {
                throw new Exception("A problem was encountered.");
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                // Create a StackTrace that captures filename,
                // line number and column information.
                StackTrace st = new StackTrace(true);
                string stackIndent = "";
                for(int i =0; i< st.FrameCount; i++ )
                {
                    // Note that at this level, there are four
                    // stack frames, one for each method invocation.
                    StackFrame sf = st.GetFrame(i);
                    Console.WriteLine();
                    Console.WriteLine(stackIndent + " Method: {0}",
                        sf.GetMethod() );
                    Console.WriteLine(  stackIndent + " File: {0}", 
                        sf.GetFileName());
                    Console.WriteLine(  stackIndent + " Line Number: {0}",
                        sf.GetFileLineNumber());
                    stackIndent += "  ";
                }
                throw e;
            }
        }
    }
}

/*
This console application produces the following output when
compiled with the Debug configuration.
  
   Method: Void ThrowsException()
   File: c:\samples\stacktraceframe\myclass.cs
   Line Number: 59

     Method: Void MyProtectedMethod()
     File: c:\samples\stacktraceframe\myclass.cs
     Line Number: 45

       Method: Void MyPublicMethod()
       File: c:\samples\stacktraceframe\myclass.cs
       Line Number: 39

         Method: Void Main(System.String[])
         File: c:\samples\stacktraceframe\myclass.cs
         Line Number: 13

  High up the call stack, Method: Void Main(System.String[])
  High up the call stack, Line Number: 20


This console application produces the following output when
compiled with the Release configuration.

   Method: Void ThrowsException()
   File:
   Line Number: 0

     Method: Void Main(System.String[])
     File:
     Line Number: 0

  High up the call stack, Method: Void Main(System.String[])
  High up the call stack, Line Number: 0

*/

[C++] 
#using <mscorlib.dll>
#using <System.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Diagnostics;

__gc class StackTraceSample {
private:
    __gc class MyInternalClass {
    public:
        void ThrowsException() {
            try {
                throw new Exception(S"A problem was encountered.");
            } 
            catch (Exception* e) {
                // Create a StackTrace that captures
                // filename, line number, and column
                // information for the current thread.
                StackTrace *st = new StackTrace(true);
                String *stackIndent = S"";
                for(int i =0; i< st->FrameCount; i++ )
                {
                    // Note that at this level, there are five
                    // stack frames, one for each method invocation.
                    StackFrame *sf = st->GetFrame(i);
                    Console::WriteLine();
                    Console::WriteLine(S"{0}Method: {1}",
                        stackIndent, sf->GetMethod() );
                    Console::WriteLine(S"{0}File: {1}", 
                        stackIndent, sf->GetFileName());
                    Console::WriteLine(S"{0}Line Number: {1}",
                        stackIndent, sf->GetFileLineNumber().ToString());
                    stackIndent = String::Concat(stackIndent,  S"  ");
                }
                throw e;
            }
        }
    };

protected:
    void MyProtectedMethod() {
        MyInternalClass* mic = new MyInternalClass();
        mic->ThrowsException();
    }

public:
    void MyPublicMethod () {
        MyProtectedMethod();
    }
};

int main() {
        StackTraceSample* sample = new StackTraceSample();
        try {
            sample->MyPublicMethod();
        } catch (Exception*) 
        {
            // Create a StackTrace that captures
            // filename, line number, and column
            // information for the current thread.
            StackTrace *st = new StackTrace(true);

            for(int i =0; i< st->FrameCount; i++ )
            {
                // For an executable built from C++, there
                // are two stack frames here: one for main,
                // and one for the _mainCRTStartup stub. 
                StackFrame *sf = st->GetFrame(i);
                Console::WriteLine();
                Console::WriteLine(S"High up the call stack, Method: {0}",
                    sf->GetMethod()->ToString());

                Console::WriteLine(S"High up the call stack, Line Number: {0}",
                    sf->GetFileLineNumber().ToString());
            }
        }
    }


/*
This console application produces the following output when
compiled with the Debug configuration.

  Method: Void ThrowsException()
  File: c:\samples\stacktraceframe\myclass.cpp
  Line Number: 20

    Method: Void MyProtectedMethod()
    File: c:\samples\stacktraceframe\myclass.cpp
    Line Number: 45

      Method: Void MyPublicMethod()
      File: c:\samples\stacktraceframe\myclass.cpp
      Line Number: 50
 
        Method: Int32 main()
        File: c:\samples\stacktraceframe\myclass.cpp
        Line Number: 56

          Method: UInt32 _mainCRTStartup()
          File:
          Line Number: 0

  High up the call stack, Method: Int32 main()
  High up the call stack, Line Number: 62

  High up the call stack, Method: UInt32 _mainCRTStartup()
  High up the call stack, Line Number: 0

This console application produces the following output when
compiled with the Release configuration.

  Method: Void ThrowsException()
  File:
  Line Number: 0

    Method: Int32 main()
    File:
    Line Number: 0

      Method: UInt32 _mainCRTStartup()
      File:
      Line Number: 0

  High up the call stack, Method: Int32 main()
  High up the call stack, Line Number: 0

  High up the call stack, Method: UInt32 _mainCRTStartup()
  High up the call stack, Line Number: 0

*/

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必要条件

名前空間: System.Diagnostics

プラットフォーム: Windows 98, Windows NT 4.0, Windows Millennium Edition, Windows 2000, Windows XP Home Edition, Windows XP Professional, Windows Server 2003 ファミリ

アセンブリ: Mscorlib (Mscorlib.dll 内)

参照

StackTrace メンバ | System.Diagnostics 名前空間 | Exception.StackTrace | Environment.StackTrace | ServerFault.StackTrace

次の方法で共有

StackTrace クラス

スレッドセーフ

解説

使用例

必要条件

参照

その他のリソース