Tutorial: Extracción de datos de usuario con una SPA de Angular

Para configurar la aplicación angular para que interactúe con Microsoft Graph API, complete los pasos siguientes:

1. Abra el src/app/profile/profile.component.ts archivo y reemplace el contenido por el siguiente fragmento de código:

   // Required for Angular
   import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
   
   // Required for the HTTP GET request to Graph
   import { HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';
   
   type ProfileType = {
     businessPhones?: string,
     displayName?: string,
     givenName?: string,
     jobTitle?: string,
     mail?: string,
     mobilePhone?: string,
     officeLocation?: string,
     preferredLanguage?: string,
     surname?: string,
     userPrincipalName?: string,
     id?: string
   }
   
   @Component({
     selector: 'app-profile',
     templateUrl: './profile.component.html'
   })
   export class ProfileComponent implements OnInit {
     profile!: ProfileType;
     tokenExpiration!: string;
   
     constructor(
       private http: HttpClient
     ) { }
   
     // When the page loads, perform an HTTP GET request from the Graph /me endpoint
     ngOnInit() {
       this.http.get('https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me')
         .subscribe(profile => {
           this.profile = profile;
         });
   
       this.tokenExpiration = localStorage.getItem('tokenExpiration')!;
     }
   }
   

   El ProfileComponent en Angular captura los datos del perfil de usuario del punto de conexión de /me Microsoft Graph. Define ProfileType para estructurar propiedades como displayName y mail. En ngOnInit, usa HttpClient para enviar una solicitud GET, asignando la respuesta a profile. También recupera y almacena la hora de expiración del token de localStorage en tokenExpiration.

2. Abra el src/app/profile/profile.component.html archivo y reemplace el contenido por el siguiente fragmento de código:

   <div class="profile">
       <p><strong>Business Phones:</strong> {{profile?.businessPhones}}</p>
       <p><strong>Display Name:</strong> {{profile?.displayName}}</p>
       <p><strong>Given Name:</strong> {{profile?.givenName}}</p>
       <p><strong>Job Title:</strong> {{profile?.jobTitle}}</p>
       <p><strong>Mail:</strong> {{profile?.mail}}</p>
       <p><strong>Mobile Phone:</strong> {{profile?.mobilePhone}}</p>
       <p><strong>Office Location:</strong> {{profile?.officeLocation}}</p>
       <p><strong>Preferred Language:</strong> {{profile?.preferredLanguage}}</p>
       <p><strong>Surname:</strong> {{profile?.surname}}</p>
       <p><strong>User Principal Name:</strong> {{profile?.userPrincipalName}}</p>
       <p><strong>Profile Id:</strong> {{profile?.id}}</p>
       <br><br>
       <p><strong>Token Expiration:</strong> {{tokenExpiration}}</p>
       <br><br>
       <p>Refreshing this page will continue to use the cached access token until it nears expiration, at which point a new access token will be requested.</p>
   </div>
   

   Este código define una plantilla HTML que muestra información de perfil de usuario mediante la sintaxis de interpolación de Angular para enlazar propiedades desde el profile objeto (por ejemplo, businessPhones, , displayNamejobTitle). También muestra el tokenExpiration valor e incluye una nota que indica que la actualización de la página usará el token de acceso almacenado en caché hasta que se acerca a la expiración, después de lo cual se solicitará un nuevo token.

Configurarás la aplicación de Angular para mostrar las reclamaciones en tu token de identificación cuando inicies sesión.

1. Cree un archivo denominado claim-utils.ts en la carpeta src/app/ y pegue el siguiente fragmento de código en él.

   /**
    * Populate claims table with appropriate description
    * @param {Record} claims ID token claims
    * @returns claimsTable
    */
   export const createClaimsTable = (claims: Record<string, string>): any[] => {
     const claimsTable: any[] = [];
   
     Object.keys(claims).map((key) => {
       switch (key) {
         case 'aud':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             "Identifies the intended recipient of the token. In ID tokens, the audience is your app's Application ID, assigned to your app in the Azure portal.",
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'iss':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'Identifies the issuer, or authorization server that constructs and returns the token. It also identifies the Azure AD tenant for which the user was authenticated. If the token was issued by the v2.0 endpoint, the URI will end in /v2.0.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'iat':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             changeDateFormat(+claims[key]),
             '"Issued At" indicates the timestamp (UNIX timestamp) when the authentication for this user occurred.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'nbf':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             changeDateFormat(+claims[key]),
             'The nbf (not before) claim dictates the time (as UNIX timestamp) before which the JWT must not be accepted for processing.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'exp':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             changeDateFormat(+claims[key]),
             "The exp (expiration time) claim dictates the expiration time (as UNIX timestamp) on or after which the JWT must not be accepted for processing. It's important to note that in certain circumstances, a resource may reject the token before this time. For example, if a change in authentication is required or a token revocation has been detected.",
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'name':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             "The name claim provides a human-readable value that identifies the subject of the token. The value isn't guaranteed to be unique, it can be changed, and it's designed to be used only for display purposes. The 'profile' scope is required to receive this claim.",
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'preferred_username':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'The primary username that represents the user. It could be an email address, phone number, or a generic username without a specified format. Its value is mutable and might change over time. Since it is mutable, this value must not be used to make authorization decisions. It can be used for username hints, however, and in human-readable UI as a username. The profile scope is required in order to receive this claim.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'nonce':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'The nonce matches the parameter included in the original /authorize request to the IDP.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'oid':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'The oid (user object id) is the only claim that should be used to uniquely identify a user in an Azure AD tenant.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'tid':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'The id of the tenant where this application resides. You can use this claim to ensure that only users from the current Azure AD tenant can access this app.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'upn':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'upn (user principal name) might be unique amongst the active set of users in a tenant but tend to get reassigned to new employees as employees leave the organization and others take their place or might change to reflect a personal change like marriage.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'email':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'Email might be unique amongst the active set of users in a tenant but tend to get reassigned to new employees as employees leave the organization and others take their place.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'acct':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'Available as an optional claim, it lets you know what the type of user (homed, guest) is. For example, for an individuals access to their data you might not care for this claim, but you would use this along with tenant id (tid) to control access to say a company-wide dashboard to just employees (homed users) and not contractors (guest users).',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'sid':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'Session ID, used for per-session user sign-out.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'sub':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'The sub claim is a pairwise identifier - it is unique to a particular application ID. If a single user signs into two different apps using two different client IDs, those apps will receive two different values for the subject claim.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'ver':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'Version of the token issued by the Microsoft identity platform',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'login_hint':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'An opaque, reliable login hint claim. This claim is the best value to use for the login_hint OAuth parameter in all flows to get SSO.',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'idtyp':
           populateClaim(
             key,
             claims[key],
             'Value is app when the token is an app-only token. This is the most accurate way for an API to determine if a token is an app token or an app+user token',
             claimsTable
           );
           break;
         case 'uti':
         case 'rh':
           break;
         default:
           populateClaim(key, claims[key], '', claimsTable);
       }
     });
   
     return claimsTable;
   };
   
   /**
    * Populates claim, description, and value into an claimsObject
    * @param {String} claim
    * @param {String} value
    * @param {String} description
    * @param {Array} claimsObject
    */
   const populateClaim = (
     claim: string,
     value: string,
     description: string,
     claimsTable: any[]
   ): void => {
     claimsTable.push({
       claim: claim,
       value: value,
       description: description,
     });
   };
   
   /**
    * Transforms Unix timestamp to date and returns a string value of that date
    * @param {number} date Unix timestamp
    * @returns
    */
   const changeDateFormat = (date: number) => {
     let dateObj = new Date(date * 1000);
     return `${date} - [${dateObj.toString()}]`;
   };
   

2. Abra src/index.html y reemplace el código por el siguiente fragmento de código.

   <!doctype html>
   <html lang="en">
   <head>
     <meta charset="utf-8">
     <title>Microsoft identity platform</title>
     <base href="/">
     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
     <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="favicon.svg">
     <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com">
     <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto:wght@300;400;500&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
     <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/icon?family=Material+Icons" rel="stylesheet">
   </head>
   <body class="mat-typography">
     <app-root></app-root>
     <app-redirect></app-redirect>
   </body>
   </html>
   

3. Abra src/app/guarded/guarded.component.ts y reemplace el código existente por el siguiente fragmento de código.

   import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
   
   @Component({
     selector: 'app-guarded',
     templateUrl: './guarded.component.html',
     styleUrls: ['./guarded.component.css']
   })
   export class GuardedComponent implements OnInit {
   
     constructor() { }
   
     ngOnInit(): void {
     }
   
   }
   

Para probar la aplicación, complete los pasos siguientes:

1. Ejecute la aplicación angular ejecutando el siguiente comando en el terminal:

   ng serve --open
   

2. Seleccione el botón Iniciar sesión para autenticarse con el inquilino de Microsoft Entra.

3. Después de iniciar sesión, seleccione el vínculo Ver perfil para ir a la página Perfil . Compruebe que se muestra la información del perfil de usuario, incluido el nombre del usuario, el correo electrónico, el título del trabajo y otros detalles.

   

4. Seleccione el botón Cerrar sesión para cerrar la sesión de la aplicación.

1. Inicie el servidor web ejecutando los siguientes comandos en el símbolo del sistema de la línea de comandos desde la carpeta de la aplicación:

   npm install
   npm start
   

2. En el explorador, escriba http://localhost:4200 para abrir la aplicación.

   

3. Seleccione el botón Iniciar sesión en la esquina superior derecha de la pantalla.

4. Después de iniciar sesión, verá la información de perfil en la página.

   

5. Seleccione el botón Cerrar sesión en la esquina superior derecha de la pantalla para cerrar la sesión.